Matrix
Time Limit: 3000MS
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Memory Limit: 65536K
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Total Submissions: 21533
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Accepted: 8051
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Description
Given an N*N matrix A, whose elements are either 0 or 1. A[i, j] means the number in the i-th row and j-th column. Initially we have A[i, j] = 0 (1 <= i, j <= N).
We can change the matrix in the following way. Given a rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2), we change all the elements in the rectangle by using "not" operation (if it is a '0' then change it into '1' otherwise change it into '0'). To maintain the information of the matrix, you are asked to write a program to receive and execute two kinds of instructions.
1. C x1 y1 x2 y2 (1 <= x1 <= x2 <= n, 1 <= y1 <= y2 <= n) changes the matrix by using the rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2).
2. Q x y (1 <= x, y <= n) querys A[x, y].
We can change the matrix in the following way. Given a rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2), we change all the elements in the rectangle by using "not" operation (if it is a '0' then change it into '1' otherwise change it into '0'). To maintain the information of the matrix, you are asked to write a program to receive and execute two kinds of instructions.
1. C x1 y1 x2 y2 (1 <= x1 <= x2 <= n, 1 <= y1 <= y2 <= n) changes the matrix by using the rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2).
2. Q x y (1 <= x, y <= n) querys A[x, y].
Input
The first line of the input is an integer X (X <= 10) representing the number of test cases. The following X blocks each represents a test case.
The first line of each block contains two numbers N and T (2 <= N <= 1000, 1 <= T <= 50000) representing the size of the matrix and the number of the instructions. The following T lines each represents an instruction having the format "Q x y" or "C x1 y1 x2 y2", which has been described above.
The first line of each block contains two numbers N and T (2 <= N <= 1000, 1 <= T <= 50000) representing the size of the matrix and the number of the instructions. The following T lines each represents an instruction having the format "Q x y" or "C x1 y1 x2 y2", which has been described above.
Output
For each querying output one line, which has an integer representing A[x, y].
There is a blank line between every two continuous test cases.
There is a blank line between every two continuous test cases.
Sample Input
1 2 10 C 2 1 2 2 Q 2 2 C 2 1 2 1 Q 1 1 C 1 1 2 1 C 1 2 1 2 C 1 1 2 2 Q 1 1 C 1 1 2 1 Q 2 1
Sample Output
1 0 0 1
这题是比较经典的二维树状数组,题意是给你个矩阵里面开始全是0,然后给你两种指令:1:‘C x1,y1,x2,y2’就是将左上角为x1,y1,右下角为x2,y2,的这个矩阵内的数字全部翻转,0变1,1变0,;2:'Q x1 y1',输出a[x1][y1]的值。
树状数组里记录该点的变幻次数,或者直接%2也行。查询的时候sum得到的是该点在所有区间的总变幻次数,最后%2就是结果!
这题的巧妙只初在于重叠消元,将要翻转的矩阵的四个角更新一遍就ok了,去掉重叠部分(结果%2),刚好剩下了这个矩阵翻转了!
如图 黑色的四边形为所要变换的子矩形,为了抵消其他点的变化,把不该变化的再次变化即可,记录变化次数%2,这样就可以判断了!
updata(x1,y1,1); ---->>黑+黄+绿+蓝 updata(x1,y2+1,1); ---->>黄+蓝 updata(x2+1,y1,1); ---->>绿+蓝 updata(x2+1,y2+1,1);---->>蓝
(对应的四次变换)!
代码:
#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #define V 1010 int a[V][V]; int N,T; int lowbit(int x) { return x&(-x); } void updata(int x,int y,int k)//更新 { int i,j; for(i=x;i<=N;i+=lowbit(i)) for(j=y;j<=N;j+=lowbit(j)) a[i][j]+=k; } int sum(int x,int y)//求所在点的变化次数 { int i,j; int sum=0; for(i=x;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) for(j=y;j>0;j-=lowbit(j)) sum+=a[i][j]; return sum; } int main() { int n; scanf("%d",&n); while(n--) { scanf("%d%d",&N,&T); memset(a,0,sizeof(a)); while(T--) { getchar(); char s; scanf("%c",&s); int x1,y1,x2,y2; if(s=='C') { scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2); updata(x1,y1,1);//四个矩形更新 updata(x1,y2+1,1); updata(x2+1,y1,1); updata(x2+1,y2+1,1); } else { scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1); printf("%d\n",sum(x1,y1)%2); } } printf("\n"); } return 0; }