1)CUDA https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads,此处以cuda8.0为例。
2)cuDNN https://developer.nvidia.com/cudnn(要注册Nvidia用户,并加入CuDNN开发组,填若干问卷就可以下载了)选择下载版本时要注意和Cuda版本匹配。以cudnn6.0版本为例。解压后覆盖至CUDA的安装目录下,将解压包里面bin、include和lib目录下的文件拷贝到cuda安装目录的相应bin、include和lib文件目录下。
2、TensorFlow支持2种方式安装:
PIP方式,直接去python官网去下载对应的Python Windows安装包就行了,要注意32位和64位版本的选择。
要注意,TensorFlow目前只能用Python 3.5.X版本的。所以不要下载错了版本。
下载链接:https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-352/
上一篇文章我已经说明了python的安装,在此忽略。
3、安装完Python后,打开CMD界面,输入“python”,可以看到
则python安装成功的。
CPU版本的tensorflow ,输入pip install --upgrade tensorflow
GPU版本的tensorflow,输入pip install --upgrade-gpu
然后等待自动下载。
4、安装完成tensorflow后输入import tensorflow as tf 可以查看是否安装成,如果没有提示任何错误则为成功安装。
可能出现的问题
>>> import tensorflow as tf
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module(mname)
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removedImportError:
DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module> from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module> _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module> from tensorflow.python import *
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 51, in <module> from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 52, in <module> raise ImportError(msg)ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module(mname)
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module> from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module> _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
File "C:\Users\kimlesj1\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'
Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.
See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problemsfor some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack traceabove this error message when asking for help.
这是由于版本不匹配造成的问题。可以参考https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44287059/tensorflow-importerror-dll-load-failed-and-no-module-named-pywrap-tensorflow
此网站有检测版本不匹配的脚本文件https://gist.github.com/mrry/ee5dbcfdd045fa48a27d56664411d41c,输入以下代码就可以检测。
# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved. | |
# | |
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); | |
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. | |
# You may obtain a copy of the License at | |
# | |
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | |
# | |
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software | |
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, | |
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. | |
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and | |
# limitations under the License. | |
# ============================================================================== | |
"""A script for testing that TensorFlow is installed correctly on Windows. | |
The script will attempt to verify your TensorFlow installation, and print | |
suggestions for how to fix your installation. | |
""" | |
import ctypes | |
import imp | |
import sys | |
def main(): | |
try: | |
import tensorflow as tf | |
print("TensorFlow successfully installed.") | |
if tf.test.is_built_with_cuda(): | |
print("The installed version of TensorFlow includes GPU support.") | |
else: | |
print("The installed version of TensorFlow does not include GPU support.") | |
sys.exit(0) | |
except ImportError: | |
print("ERROR: Failed to import the TensorFlow module.") | |
candidate_explanation = False | |
python_version = sys.version_info.major, sys.version_info.minor | |
print("\n- Python version is %d.%d." % python_version) | |
if not (python_version == (3, 5) or python_version == (3, 6)): | |
candidate_explanation = True | |
print("- The official distribution of TensorFlow for Windows requires " | |
"Python version 3.5 or 3.6.") | |
try: | |
_, pathname, _ = imp.find_module("tensorflow") | |
print("\n- TensorFlow is installed at: %s" % pathname) | |
except ImportError: | |
candidate_explanation = False | |
print(""" | |
- No module named TensorFlow is installed in this Python environment. You may | |
install it using the command `pip install tensorflow`.""") | |
try: | |
msvcp140 = ctypes.WinDLL("msvcp140.dll") | |
except OSError: | |
candidate_explanation = True | |
print(""" | |
- Could not load 'msvcp140.dll'. TensorFlow requires that this DLL be | |
installed in a directory that is named in your %PATH% environment | |
variable. You may install this DLL by downloading Microsoft Visual | |
C++ 2015 Redistributable Update 3 from this URL: | |
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=53587""") | |
try: | |
cudart64_80 = ctypes.WinDLL("cudart64_80.dll") | |
except OSError: | |
candidate_explanation = True | |
print(""" | |
- Could not load 'cudart64_80.dll'. The GPU version of TensorFlow | |
requires that this DLL be installed in a directory that is named in | |
your %PATH% environment variable. Download and install CUDA 8.0 from | |
this URL: https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-toolkit""") | |
try: | |
nvcuda = ctypes.WinDLL("nvcuda.dll") | |
except OSError: | |
candidate_explanation = True | |
print(""" | |
- Could not load 'nvcuda.dll'. The GPU version of TensorFlow requires that | |
this DLL be installed in a directory that is named in your %PATH% | |
environment variable. Typically it is installed in 'C:\Windows\System32'. | |
If it is not present, ensure that you have a CUDA-capable GPU with the | |
correct driver installed.""") | |
cudnn5_found = False | |
try: | |
cudnn5 = ctypes.WinDLL("cudnn64_5.dll") | |
cudnn5_found = True | |
except OSError: | |
candidate_explanation = True | |
print(""" | |
- Could not load 'cudnn64_5.dll'. The GPU version of TensorFlow | |
requires that this DLL be installed in a directory that is named in | |
your %PATH% environment variable. Note that installing cuDNN is a | |
separate step from installing CUDA, and it is often found in a | |
different directory from the CUDA DLLs. You may install the | |
necessary DLL by downloading cuDNN 5.1 from this URL: | |
https://developer.nvidia.com/cudnn""") | |
cudnn6_found = False | |
try: | |
cudnn = ctypes.WinDLL("cudnn64_6.dll") | |
cudnn6_found = True | |
except OSError: | |
candidate_explanation = True | |
if not cudnn5_found or not cudnn6_found: | |
print() | |
if not cudnn5_found and not cudnn6_found: | |
print("- Could not find cuDNN.") | |
elif not cudnn5_found: | |
print("- Could not find cuDNN 5.1.") | |
else: | |
print("- Could not find cuDNN 6.") | |
print(""" | |
The GPU version of TensorFlow requires that the correct cuDNN DLL be installed | |
in a directory that is named in your %PATH% environment variable. Note that | |
installing cuDNN is a separate step from installing CUDA, and it is often | |
found in a different directory from the CUDA DLLs. The correct version of | |
cuDNN depends on your version of TensorFlow: | |
* TensorFlow 1.2.1 or earlier requires cuDNN 5.1. ('cudnn64_5.dll') | |
* TensorFlow 1.3 or later requires cuDNN 6. ('cudnn64_6.dll') | |
You may install the necessary DLL by downloading cuDNN from this URL: | |
https://developer.nvidia.com/cudnn""") | |
if not candidate_explanation: | |
print(""" | |
- All required DLLs appear to be present. Please open an issue on the | |
TensorFlow GitHub page: https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/issues""") | |
sys.exit(-1) | |
if __name__ == "__main__": | |
main() |