使用flask 发送电子邮件时候遇到的几个问题

1. flask 框架

http://flask.pocoo.org/ flask 是python 用于web 开发的一个非常有用的微框架， 特点是易于自定义扩展， 使用简单， 方便

2. flask-mail

1. python 标准库中的smtplib 包 可以用在 flask 程序中发送电子邮件
2. 而 flask-mail 封装了smtplib 可以更好的与 Flask 框架集成起来

3. 遇到的几个问题

3.1 smtp 身份认证出错

查看shell 控制台输出的错误信息：

发现里面有个提示链接， 打开发现是QQ 邮箱的授权码设置信息

然后我们打开QQ 邮箱的客户端设置：http://service.exmail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?id=28&no=1000585&subtype=1

问题还是没有解决， 后来发现，
在这个页面：
http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=28&&no=371
smtp服务器， 不一样的 是 smtp.qq.com, 于是再用这个服务器测试一下， 发现终于可以正常发送邮件了！！

3.2 SMTPSendRefuse

这个主要原因是 代码中 的 MAIL_USERNAME 和 FLASKY_MAIL_SENDER 这两个变量不一致

4. 基本实现代码

import os
from flask import Flask, render_template, session, redirect, url_for
from flask.ext.script import Manager, Shell
from flask.ext.bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask.ext.moment import Moment
from flask.ext.wtf import Form
from wtforms import StringField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import Required
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask.ext.migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand
from flask.ext.mail import Mail, Message

basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'hard to guess string'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] =\
    'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(basedir, 'data.sqlite')
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN'] = True
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.qq.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 465
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')
app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX'] = '[Flasky]'
app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SENDER'] = 'Flasky Admin <flasky@example.com>'
app.config['FLASKY_ADMIN'] = os.environ.get('FLASKY_ADMIN')

manager = Manager(app)
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
moment = Moment(app)
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
migrate = Migrate(app, db)
mail = Mail(app)


class Role(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'roles'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True)
    users = db.relationship('User', backref='role', lazy='dynamic')

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<Role %r>' % self.name


class User(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True, index=True)
    role_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('roles.id'))

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<User %r>' % self.username


def send_email(to, subject, template, **kwargs):
    msg = Message(app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX'] + ' ' + subject,
                  sender=app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SENDER'], recipients=[to])
    msg.body = render_template(template + '.txt', **kwargs)
    msg.html = render_template(template + '.html', **kwargs)
    mail.send(msg)


class NameForm(Form):
    name = StringField('What is your name?', validators=[Required()])
    submit = SubmitField('Submit')


def make_shell_context():
    return dict(app=app, db=db, User=User, Role=Role)
manager.add_command("shell", Shell(make_context=make_shell_context))
manager.add_command('db', MigrateCommand)


@app.errorhandler(404)
def page_not_found(e):
    return render_template('404.html'), 404


@app.errorhandler(500)
def internal_server_error(e):
    return render_template('500.html'), 500


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
    form = NameForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        user = User.query.filter_by(username=form.name.data).first()
        if user is None:
            user = User(username=form.name.data)
            db.session.add(user)
            session['known'] = False
            if app.config['FLASKY_ADMIN']:
                send_email(app.config['FLASKY_ADMIN'], 'New User',
                           'mail/new_user', user=user)
        else:
            session['known'] = True
        session['name'] = form.name.data
        return redirect(url_for('index'))
    return render_template('index.html', form=form, name=session.get('name'),
                           known=session.get('known', False))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()