问题描述:
下面是给出的基类Animal声明和main()函数。
- <strong><span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;color:#ff6666;">class Animal
- {
- public:
- virtual void cry()
- {
- cout<<"不知哪种动物,让我如何学叫?"<<endl;
- }
- };
- int main( ){
- Animal *p;
- p = new Animal();
- p->cry();
- Mouse m1("Jerry",'m');
- p=&m1;
- p->cry();
- Mouse m2("Jemmy",'f');
- p=&m2;
- p->cry();
- Cat c1("Tom");
- p=&c1;
- p->cry();
- Dog d1("Droopy");
- p=&d1;
- p->cry();
- Giraffe g1("Gill",'m');
- p=&g1;
- p->cry();
- return 0;
- }</span></strong>
<strong><span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;color:#ff6666;">class Animal
{
public:
virtual void cry()
{
cout<<"不知哪种动物,让我如何学叫?"<<endl;
}
};
int main( ){
Animal *p;
p = new Animal();
p->cry();
Mouse m1("Jerry",'m');
p=&m1;
p->cry();
Mouse m2("Jemmy",'f');
p=&m2;
p->cry();
Cat c1("Tom");
p=&c1;
p->cry();
Dog d1("Droopy");
p=&d1;
p->cry();
Giraffe g1("Gill",'m');
p=&g1;
p->cry();
return 0;
}</span></strong>
程序的运行结果将是:
2、显然,Animal设计为抽象类更合适,Animal不需要能够实例化,是专门作基类使用的。改造程序,使Animal设计为抽象类,这时main()函数中p = new Animal();将出错,将此行删除。
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
class Animal{
public:
virtual void cry()=0;
};
class Mouse:public Animal{
private:
string name;
char sex;
public:
Mouse(string s,char x):name(s),sex(x){}
void cry(){
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",我是一只"<<(sex=='m'?"公":"母")<<"老鼠,我的叫声是:吱吱吱!\n";
}
};
class Cat:public Animal{
private:
string name;
public:
Cat(string s):name(s){}
void cry(){
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",我是一只猫,我的叫声是:喵喵喵!\n";
}
};
class Dog:public Animal{
private:
string name;
public:
Dog(string s):name(s){}
void cry(){
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",我是一只狗,我的叫声是:汪汪汪!\n";
}
};
class Giraffe:public Animal{
private:
string name;
char sex;
public:
Giraffe(string s,char x):name(s),sex(x){}
void cry(){
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",我是一只"<<(sex=='m'?"公":"母")<<"长颈鹿,我的脖子太长,发不出声音来!\n";
}
};
int main( ){
Animal *p;
Mouse m1("Jerry",'m');
p=&m1;
p->cry();
Mouse m2("Jemmy",'f');
p=&m2;
p->cry();
Cat c1("Tom");
p=&c1;
p->cry();
Dog d1("Droopy");
p=&d1;
p->cry();
Giraffe g1("Gill",'m');
p=&g1;
p->cry();
return 0;
}
运行结果: