web前端学习Day6

无妄之灾|

已于 2023-07-13 08:29:47 修改

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文章标签：前端学习

于 2023-07-13 08:27:57 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2201_75408313/article/details/131693987

版权

01-函数

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // parseInt('200px')
        // getSum(20, 30)


        function sayHi() {
            console.log('hello,function!')
        }


        // 函数必须进行调用，才会执行
        sayHi()
        let age = 21

        // 函数要有返回值，一定要添加return关键字，否则返回值为undefined
        function getSum() {
            // console.log(a + b)
            // return a + b
            // arguments  接收所有实参，并保存到arguements数组里
            console.log(arguments)
            let sum = 0
            console.log(age)
            for (let i in arguments) {
                sum += arguments[i]
            }
            return sum
        }
        let e = getSum(3, 4, 3, 4, 65, 7, 44, 5, 6, 7, 5)

        console.log(e)

    </script>
</body>

</html>

02-匿名函数

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // function sayHi(fn) {
        //     fn()
        //     console.log('nihao')
        // }
        // function () {
        //     console.log('jiangjia')
        // }
        // sayHi(sayHello)


        // function sayHi()

        setInterval(function () {
            console.log('12345')
        }, 1000)

    </script>
</body>

</html>

03-函数表达式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // let a = function getSum() {
        //     console.log('jiangjia')
        // }
        // a()


        // 立即执行函数
        (function () { console.log('liqingyu') })()
        //    (function () { console.log('jiangjia') }())
    </script>
</body>

</html>

04-值传递、引用传递

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // 值传递
        let a = 10
        let b = 20
        function change(x, y) {
            x = 30;
            y = 50;
        }
        change(a, b);
        alert(a + "--" + b)


        let arr = [1, 3, 4, 5]
        // 引用传递    传地址，发生改变
        function change2(a) {
            a.push(1000)
        }
        change2(arr)
        alert(arr)
    </script>
</body>

</html>

05-默认值参数

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        function getCir(r, PI = 3.14) {
            return PI * r * r
        }
        let a = getCir(3)
        console.log(a)
    </script>
</body>

</html>

06-箭头函数

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // setInterval(function () {
        //     console.log('i love you')
        // }, 1000)
        setInterval(() => {
            console.log('i hate you')
        }, 1000)
    </script>

</body>

</html>

07-递归

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // 9!  
        // 9*8!
        function jiecheng(n) {
            if (n === 1) {
                return 1
            } else {
                return n * jiecheng(n - 1)
            }
        }
        let a = jiecheng(10086)

        alert(a)

        // 练习：递归求1~n的和
        // 100+1~99的和 

        function he(n) {
            if (n == 1) {
                return 1
            } else {
                return n + he(n - 1)
            }
        }

        alert(he(5))
    </script>
</body>

</html>

08-数组遍历

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        let arr = ['a', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
        for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            console.log(arr[i])
        }
    </script>
</body>

</html>

09-字符串的常见方法

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        let str = new String()
        // let str = '你是who'
        console.log(str.split('w'))
        console.log(str.substring(2, 4))
        console.log(str.startsWith('你'))
        console.log(str.endsWith('你'))
        console.log(str.includes('w'))


    </script>
</body>

</html>

10-对象

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // let arr = [160, 160]
        // 对象：无序的数据集合
        let obj = {
            uname: 'zhangfei',
            age: 21,
            gender: 'nan'
        }
        // console.log(obj)

        // 查找对象元素
        console.log(obj.uname)
        console.log(obj['age'])

        // let obj2 = new Object()

        let obj2 = {
            uname: '123',
            age: 60,
            sing: function () {
                console.log('456')
            }
        }
        obj2.sing()


    </script>
</body>

</html>

11-对象的增删改查

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        let obj = {
            uname: 'zhangfei',
            age: 21,
            gender: 'nan'
        }
        // obj.uname
        // obj['age']

        // 改：对象.属性名
        obj.uname = 'GGBond'

        // 增加  对象.新属性名
        obj.sing = function () {
            console.log('sing~')
        }
        // delete 对象.属性名
        delete obj.gender
        console.log(obj)

    </script>
</body>

</html>

12-对象的遍历

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        let obj = {
            uname: 'zhangfei',
            age: 21,
            gender: 'nan'
        }
        for (let k in obj) {
            console.log(k)
            console.log(obj[k])
        }

    </script>
</body>

</html>

13-数组对象

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        let arrObj =
            [
                {
                    uname: 'zs',
                    age: 21
                },
                {
                    uname: 'jiangjia',
                    age: 33
                },
                {
                    uname: 'lisi',
                    age: 12
                }
            ]
        console.log(arrObj)
        // arrObj[1]['uname']
        for (let i = 0; i < arrObj.length; i++) {
            for (let k in arrObj[i]) {
                console.log(arrObj[i][k])
            }
        }
    </script>
</body>

</html>

14-Math内置对象

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        console.log(Math.E)
        console.log(Math.PI)
        // Math.ceil向上取整

        console.log(Math.ceil(3.1415))
        // Math.floor向下取整
        console.log(Math.floor(3.1415))
        // Math.abs   绝对值
        console.log(Math.abs(-3.12))
        // pow 
        console.log(Math.pow(3.12, 10))
        // 开平方根
        console.log(Math.sqrt(9))

        // 随机数  
        // console.log(Math.floor(Math.random() * 11) + 2)
        let random = Math.floor(Math.random() * (10 - 2 + 1)) + 2
        console.log(random)

    </script>
</body>

</html>

15-日期内置对象

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        let date = new Date()
        // alert(date)
        let year = date.getFullYear()
        let month = date.getMonth() + 1
        let day = date.getDate()

        let hh = date.getHours()
        let mm = date.getMinutes()
        let ss = date.getSeconds()


        let gg = date.getDay()
        alert(gg)

        document.write(`${year}年-${month}月-${day}日 ${hh}:${mm}:${ss}`)




        let a = 3.234364
        alert(a.toFixed(4))


    </script>
</body>

</html>

16-dom

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <button>提交</button>
    <script>
        const btn = document.querySelector('button')
        // console.dir(btn)
        console.log(typeof (btn))

    </script>
</body>

</html>

17-获取元素的方法

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div>盒子</div>
    <ul>
        <li>1</li>
        <li class="two">2</li>
        <li>3</li>
        <li id="four">4</li>
    </ul>
    <script>
        // 1、通过css选择器获取             ('字符串')    :狂（嘎嘎）推荐
        const li2 = document.querySelector('.two')
        console.log(li2)
        const li = document.querySelector('li')
        console.log(li)
        // document.querySelectorAll将所有匹配的元素全部获取到，并存放到伪数组
        const lis = document.querySelectorAll('li')
        console.log(lis)
        for (let i = 0; i < lis.length; i++) {
            console.log(lis[i])
        }

        const li3 = document.querySelector('ul li:nth-child(3)')
        console.log(li3)


        // 其他
        console.log(document.getElementsByTagName('div'))
        console.log(document.getElementById('four'))
        console.log(document.getElementsByClassName('two'))

    </script>
</body>

</html>

18-修改元素内容

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="one">12345</div>
    <div class="two">12345</div>
        // 1、获取元素
        const box1 = document.querySelector('.one')
        const box2 = document.querySelector('.two')
        console.log(box1)
        console.log(box2)
        // 2、操作
        box1.innerText = `<h1>jiangjia</h1>`
        box2.innerHTML = `<h1>chensongjie</h1>`

    </script>



</body>

</html>

19-随机点名案例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div>jiangjia</div>
    <script>

        let arr = ['赵云', '黄忠', '关羽', '张飞', '马超', '刘备', '曹操']
        // 1、获取元素
        const box = document.querySelector('div')
        // 2、获取随机数   n-0    m---arr.length-1 
        let random = Math.floor(Math.random() * arr.length)
        // 3、改内容
        box.innerHTML = `${arr[random]}`

    </script>
</body>

</html>

20-修改元素属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <img src="../images/1.webp" alt="刘德华" title="刘德华">
    <input type="text" placeholder="wedjed" readonly>
    <button disabled>同意该协议</button>
    <script>
        // 1、获取元素
        const img = document.querySelector('img')
        const ipt = document.querySelector('input')
        const btn = document.querySelector('button')
        // 改元素属性   对象.属性=值
        img.src = "../images/2.webp"
        img.title = "我是个大帅哥"

        ipt.type = "password"
        ipt.placeholder = "请输入用户名"
        ipt.readOnly = false
        btn.disabled = false

    </script>
</body>

</html>

21-修改元素样式属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .box1 {
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: rgb(207, 39, 67);
            font-size: 50px;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="box1">1111</div>
    <div class="box2 box1"></div>
    <script>
        // 1、获取元素
        const box2 = document.querySelector('.box2')
        const div = document.querySelector('.box1')
        // 2、通过style修改样式
        div.style.width = '500px'
        div.style.fontSize = '16px'
        div.style.backgroundColor = 'pink'
        // 3、通过添加类名 calssName会将原来的类名删除掉，不建议使用

        // box2.className = 'box1'

        // classlist.add（'类名'）追加
        box2.classList.add('box1')
        // box2.classList.remove('box1')    移除
        box2.classList.toggle('box1')        //切换：有则删除，没有则添加

    </script>
</body>

</html>

22-定时器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        // setTimeout\setInterval   定时器
        // setTimeout  :某段代码或者函数在多久后执行
        // setTimeout(code||function,time(ms))
        // 返回值是一个整数，代表定时器编码
        // let timer = setTimeout('console.log("我是一秒之后执行的代码")', 4000)
        // console.log(timer)
        // let timer2 = setTimeout('console.log("我是4秒之后执行的代码")', 1000)
        // console.log(timer2)
        //    传的是函数名 
        // let timer3 = setTimeout(
        // fn, 3000)
        // function fn() {
        //     console.log('6666666')
        // }

        // setTimeout(函数或一段代码，延迟时间，实参……)
        // let timer4 = setTimeout(function (a, b) {
        //     console.log(a + b)
        // }, 2000, 1, 4)

        let obj = {
            uname: 'gouxin',
            a: 3,
            b: 4,
            sum: function () {
                console.log(this)
                console.log(this.a)

            }
        }
        obj.sum()
        // setTimeout(obj.sum, 1000)
        // 定时器的第一个参数如果是对象方法，this不再指向对象，指向全局环境
        // setTimeout(function () { obj.sum() }, 1000)

        let a = setTimeout(obj.sum.bind(obj), 1000)
        clearTimeout(a)



        // setInterval  间隔一段时间，将代码或者函数执行一次
        let timer = setInterval(' console.log(\'6666666\')', 1000)
        clearInterval(timer)
        let timer2 = setInterval(function (a, b) {
            console.log(a + b)
        }, 1000, 2, 3)
        clearInterval(timer2)
    </script>
</body>

</html>

23-随机抽奖案例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .wrapper {
            width: 840px;
            height: 420px;
            background: url(./images/bg01.jpg) no-repeat center / cover;
            padding: 100px 250px;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="wrapper">
        <strong>1234</strong>
        <h1>1：<span id="one">???</span></h1>
        <h3>2：<span id="two">???</span></h3>
        <h5>3：<span id="three">???</span></h5>
    </div>

    <script>
        let arr = ['1', '2', '123', '4']
        function getRandom(N, M) {
            return Math.floor(Math.random() * (M - N + 1)) + N
        }
        let random = getRandom(1, 5)
        alert(random)
    </script>



</body>

</html>