二进制部署MySQL

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已于 2023-02-14 11:45:22 修改

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于 2022-12-30 00:52:50 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2201_75542787/article/details/128489852

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二进制部署MySQL

下载二进制MySQL的包

MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)

传输到自己的虚拟机上

[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]#

查看传输的文件是否变形

[root@localhost ~]# md5sum mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
79b971fc3e3368f2a1e07fbafae0b914  mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]#

创建用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M  -s /sbin/nologin -u 306 mysql
[root@localhost ~]# id mysql
uid=306(mysql) gid=306(mysql) groups=306(mysql)

将文件解压

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec                              sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  share
[root@localhost local]#

创建软连接

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  17 Dec 26 11:01 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  46 Dec 29 22:30 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Dec 29 22:30 mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Dec 26 11:01 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 src
[root@localhost ~]#

修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql*
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root  root   17 Dec 26 11:01 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql  46 Dec 29 22:30 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 Dec 29 22:30 mysql-5.7.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root  root   49 Dec 26 11:01 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 src
[root@localhost ~]#

添加环境变量

[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh 
[root@localhost ~]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysqld.conf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysqld.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig

修改/etc/man_db.conf

#MANDATORY_MANPATH                      /usr/src/pvm3/man
#
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/share/man //在下面添加一条
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/mysql/man

建立数据存放目录并修改属主属组

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 29 23:10 data
[root@localhost ~]#

初始化数据库

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data
2022-12-29T16:13:55.608410Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-12-29T16:13:55.745143Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-12-29T16:13:55.768088Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-12-29T16:13:55.772320Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: cb37bbd0-8793-11ed-9fac-000c29ddd98b.
2022-12-29T16:13:55.772839Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-12-29T16:13:55.982866Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-12-29T16:13:55.982893Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-12-29T16:13:55.983211Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-12-29T16:13:56.065944Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: LyFG#UUYU5rW
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'LyFG#UUYU5rW' > pass
[root@localhost ~]# cat pass 
LyFG#UUYU5rW
[root@localhost ~]#

查看是否有配置文件，有就备份，没有就创建

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
cat: /etc/my.cnf: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]#

创建配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
[root@localhost ~]#

配置服务启动的服务脚本

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ls
magic  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# file mysql.server
mysql.server: POSIX shell script, ASCII text executable
[root@localhost support-files]# vim mysql.server
修改
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/data

启动服务脚本

[root@localhost support-files]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost support-files]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port          Peer Address:Port     Process     
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                 0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          80                         *:3306                     *:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:22                    [::]:*                    
[root@localhost support-files]# cd
[root@localhost ~]#

配置一个service文件

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service 
[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=mysqld server daemon
After=network.target 

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - mysqld server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disa>
   Active: inactive (dead)
[root@localhost ~]#

设置开机自启并且现在启动

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - mysqld server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-12-30 00:24:10 CST; 31s ago
  Process: 22768 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start (code=exited, status=>
 Main PID: 22781 (mysqld_safe)
    Tasks: 28 (limit: 12241)
   Memory: 171.7M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─22781 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/da>
           └─22983 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --pl>

Dec 30 00:24:09 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting mysqld server daemon...
Dec 30 00:24:10 localhost.localdomain mysql.server[22768]: Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
Dec 30 00:24:10 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started mysqld server daemon.
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port          Peer Address:Port     Process     
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                 0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          80                         *:3306                     *:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:22                    [::]:*                    
[root@localhost ~]#

安装一个依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs
CentOS Linux 8 - Extras                                             52  B/s | 1.5 kB     00:30    
Dependencies resolved.
===================================================================================================
 Package                      Architecture    Version                        Repository       Size
===================================================================================================
Installing:
 ncurses-compat-libs          x86_64          6.1-9.20180224.el8             baseos          328 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 328 k
Installed size: 1.0 M
Downloading Packages:
[MIRROR] ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64.rpm: Curl error (28): Timeout was reached for http://vault.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64.rpm [Connection timed out after 30001 milliseconds]
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64.rpm                  9.7 kB/s | 328 kB     00:33    
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                              9.7 kB/s | 328 kB     00:33     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                           1/1 
  Installing       : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64                             1/1 
  Running scriptlet: ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64                             1/1 
  Verifying        : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64                             1/1 

Installed:
  ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64                                                    

Complete!
[root@localhost ~]#

登陆，修改密码

[root@localhost ~]# cat pass
LyFG#UUYU5rW
[root@localhost ~]#  mysql -uroot -p'LyFG#UUYU5rW'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.39

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password = password('dianjijixu123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#

重新登录

[root@localhost ~]#  mysql -uroot -p'dianjijixu123!'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

[root@localhost ~]# vim ~/.my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat ~/.my.cnf
[client]
user = root
password = dianjijixu123!
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>