话不多说,直接上效果图
效果图:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <iostream>
const int max_iterations = 128;
const float stop_threshold = 0.01f;
const float grad_step = 0.01f;
const float clip_far = 10.0f;
const float PI = 3.14159265359f;
const float PI2 = 6.28318530718f;
const float DEG_TO_RAD = PI / 180.0f;
typedef struct {
float x, y;
} vec2;
typedef struct {
float x, y, z;
} vec3;
typedef struct {
float m[9];
} mat3;
const vec3 light_pos = { 20.0f, 50.0f, 20.0f };
float min(float a, float b) {
return a < b ? a : b;
}
float max(float a, float b) {
return a > b ? a : b;
}
float clamp(float f, float a, float b) {
return max(min(f, b), a);
}
vec2 make2(float x, float y) {
vec2 r = { x, y };
return r;
}
vec2 add2(vec2 a, vec2 b) {
vec2 r = { a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y };
return r;
}
vec2 sub2(vec2 a, vec2 b) {
vec2 r = { a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y };
return r;
}
float dot2(vec2 a, vec2 b) {
return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y;
}
float length2(vec2 v) {
return sqrt(dot2(v, v));
}
vec3 make3(float x, float y, float z) {
vec3 r = { x, y, z };
return r;
}
vec3 add3(vec3 a, vec3 b) {
vec3 r = { a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y, a.z + b.z };
return r;
}
vec3 sub3(vec3 a, vec3 b) {
vec3 r = { a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y, a.z - b.z };
return r;
}
vec3 mul3(vec3 a, vec3 b) {
vec3 r = { a.x * b.x, a.y * b.y, a.z * b.z };
return r;
}
vec3 scale3(vec3 v, float s) {
vec3 r = { v.x * s, v.y * s, v.z * s };
return r;
}
float dot3(vec3 a, vec3 b) {
return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z;
}
float length3(vec3 v) {
return sqrt(dot3(v, v));
}
vec3 normalize3(vec3 v) {
return scale3(v, 1.0f / length3(v));
}
vec3 mul(mat3 m, vec3 v) {
return make3(
m.m[0] * v.x + m.m[3] * v.y + m.m[6] * v.z,
m.m[1] * v.x + m.m[4] * v.y + m.m[7] * v.z,
m.m[2] * v.x + m.m[5] * v.y + m.m[8] * v.z);
}
mat3 rotationXY(float x, float y) {
vec2 c = { cos(x), cos(y) }, s = { sin(x), sin(y) };
mat3 m = {
c.y, 0.0f, -s.y,
s.y * s.x, c.x, c.y * s.x,
s.y * c.x, -s.x, c.y *c.x
};
return m;
}
float opI(float d1, float d2) {
return max(d1, d2);
}
float opU(float d1, float d2) {
return min(d1, d2);
}
float opS(float d1, float d2) {
return max(-d1, d2);
}
float sdPetal(vec3 p, float s) {
p = add3(mul3(p, make3(0.8f, 1.5f, 0.8f)), make3(0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
vec2 q = make2(length2(make2(p.x, p.z)), p.y);
float lower = length2(q) - 1.0f;
lower = opS(length2(q) - 0.97f, lower);
lower = opI(lower, q.y);
float upper = length2(sub2(q, make2(s, 0.0f))) + 1.0f - s;
upper = opS(upper, length2(sub2(q, make2(s, 0.0f))) + 0.97f - s);
upper = opI(upper, -q.y);
upper = opI(upper, q.x - 2.0f);
float region = length3(sub3(p, make3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f))) - 1.0f;
return opI(opU(upper, lower), region);
}
float map(vec3 p) {
float d = 1000.0f, s = 2.0f;
mat3 r = rotationXY(0.1f, PI2 * 0.618034f);
r.m[0] *= 1.08f;
r.m[1] *= 1.08f;
r.m[2] *= 1.08f;
r.m[3] *= 0.995f;
r.m[4] *= 0.995f;
r.m[5] *= 0.995f;
r.m[6] *= 1.08f;
r.m[7] *= 1.08f;
r.m[8] *= 1.08f;
for (int i = 0; i < 21; i++) {
d = opU(d, sdPetal(p, s));
p = mul(r, p);
p = add3(p, make3(0.0, -0.02, 0.0));
s *= 1.05f;
}
return d;
}
vec3 gradient(vec3 pos) {
const vec3 dx = { grad_step, 0.0, 0.0 };
const vec3 dy = { 0.0, grad_step, 0.0 };
const vec3 dz = { 0.0, 0.0, grad_step };
return normalize3(make3(
map(add3(pos, dx)) - map(sub3(pos, dx)),
map(add3(pos, dy)) - map(sub3(pos, dy)),
map(add3(pos, dz)) - map(sub3(pos, dz))));
}
float ray_marching(vec3 origin, vec3 dir, float start, float end) {
float depth = start;
for (int i = 0; i < max_iterations; i++) {
float dist = map(add3(origin, scale3(dir, depth)));
if (dist < stop_threshold)
return depth;
depth += dist * 0.3;
if (depth >= end)
return end;
}
return end;
}
float shading(vec3 v, vec3 n, vec3 eye) {
vec3 ev = normalize3(sub3(v, eye));
vec3 vl = normalize3(sub3(light_pos, v));
float diffuse = dot3(vl, n) * 0.5f + 0.5f;
vec3 h = normalize3(sub3(vl, ev));
float rim = pow(1.0f - max(-dot3(n, ev), 0.0f), 2.0f) * 0.15f;
float ao = clamp(v.y * 0.5f + 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
return (diffuse + rim) * ao;
}
vec3 ray_dir(float fov, vec2 pos) {
vec3 r = { pos.x, pos.y, -tan((90.0f - fov * 0.5f) * DEG_TO_RAD) };
return normalize3(r);
}
float f(vec2 fragCoord) {
vec3 dir = ray_dir(45.0f, fragCoord);
vec3 eye = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 4.5f };
mat3 rot = rotationXY(-1.0f, 1.0f);
dir = mul(rot, dir);
eye = mul(rot, eye);
float depth = ray_marching(eye, dir, 0.0f, clip_far);
vec3 pos = add3(eye, scale3(dir, depth));
if (depth >= clip_far)
return 0.0f;
else
return shading(pos, gradient(pos), eye);
}
int main() {
puts("\033[91m");
for (int y = 0; y < 80; y++) {
for (int x = 0; x < 160; x++)
putchar(" ?.,-:;+=*#@"[(int)(f(make2((x / 160.0f - 0.5f) * 2.0f, (y / 80.0f - 0.5f) * -2.0f)) * 12.0f)]);
putchar('\n');
system("color 5");
}
}
可以设置默认的控制台前景背景颜色。
color [attr] 中 attr 指出控制台输出的颜色属性,
其中颜色属性由两个十六进制数字指定(第一个对应于背景,第二个对应于前景,每个数值可以为以下任何值)
0 = 黑色 8 = 灰色
1 = 蓝色 9 = 淡蓝色
2 = 绿色 A = 淡绿色
3 = 浅绿色 B = 淡浅绿色
4 = 红色 C = 淡红色
5 = 紫色 D = 淡紫色
6 = 黄色 E = 淡黄色
7 = 白色 F = 亮白色
简而言之就是:
最后的system(" ");可以调解玫瑰的颜色👍
但是如果没有给定任何参数,此命令会将颜色还原到(CMD.exe)窗口启动时的颜色。
(而这个值来自当前控制台窗口,/T 命令开关或者DefaultColor 注册表值。)
※如果尝试使用相同的前景和背景颜色来执行COLOR 命令,
COLOR 命令会将errorlevel 设置为1。
这里是为了让小伙伴们可以更好运用此代码,纯介绍,于某些知识点无关,理性观看运用。