2023年7月6日 星期四 Linux驱动作业

编写LED灯的驱动，创建三个设备文件，每个设备文件和一个LED灯绑定，当操作这个设备文件时只能控制设备文件对应的这盏灯。

头文件

#ifndef __HEAD_H__
#define __HEAD_H__
 
//定义寄存器组织结构体
typedef struct{
    unsigned int moder;
    unsigned int otyper;
    unsigned int ospeedr;
    unsigned int pupdr;
    unsigned int idr;
    unsigned int odr;
}gpio_t;
//定义GPIOE和GPIOF
#define GPIOE 0X50006000
#define GPIOF 0X50007000
#define GPIOB 0X50003000
#define RCC 0X50000A28

#define LED_ON _IOW('l',1,int)
#define LED_OFF _IOW('l',0,int)
#endif

应用程序

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include "head.h"
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int a, b;
    char buf[128] = {0};
    int fd_led = open("/dev/led0", O_RDWR);
    if (fd_led < 0)
    {
        printf("打开设备文件失败\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
    while (1)
    {
        // 从终端读取
        printf("请选择灯功能\n");
        printf("0(关灯) 1(开灯)>");
        scanf("%d", &a);
        if (a == 1) // 开灯
        {
            ioctl(fd_led, LED_ON);
        }
        else if (a == 0) // 关灯
        {
            ioctl(fd_led, LED_OFF);
        }
    }
    close(fd_led);
    return 0;
}

驱动程序

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include "head.h"

struct cdev *cdev;
unsigned int major = 0;
unsigned int minor = 0; // 次设备号的起始值
dev_t devno;
struct class *cls;
struct device *dev;
char kbuf[128] = {0};
gpio_t *vir_gpioe;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;
gpio_t *vir_gpiof;
int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    unsigned int aaa = MINOR(inode->i_rdev); // 得到打开的文件对应的设备号
    file->private_data = (void *)aaa;
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
    return 0;
}
long mycdev_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    int which;
    int ret = copy_from_user(&which, (void *)arg, 4);
    if (ret)
    {
        printk("拷贝用户空间数据失败\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    // 功能控制
    unsigned int aaa = (int)file->private_data;
    switch (cmd)
    {
    case LED_ON:
        switch (aaa)
        {
        case 1:
            vir_gpioe->odr |= (0x1 << 10);
            break;
        case 2:
            vir_gpiof->odr |= (0x1 << 10);
            break;
        case 3:
            vir_gpioe->odr |= (0x1 << 8);
            break;
        }
        break;
    case LED_OFF:
        switch (aaa)
        {
        case 1:
            vir_gpioe->odr &= (~(0x1 << 10));
            break;
        case 2:
            vir_gpiof->odr &= (~(0x1 << 10));
            break;
        case 3:
            vir_gpioe->odr &= (~(0x1 << 8));
            break;
        }
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
    return 0;
}

// 定义操作方法结构体变量并赋值
struct file_operations fops = {

    .open = mycdev_open,
    .unlocked_ioctl = mycdev_ioctl,
    .release = mycdev_close,
};

static int __init mycdev_init(void)
{
    int ret, i;
    // 1.分配字符设备驱动对象空间  cdev_alloc
    cdev = cdev_alloc();
    if (cdev == NULL)
    {
        printk("申请字符设备驱动对象空间失败\n");
        ret = -EFAULT;
        goto out1;
    }
    printk("字符设备驱动对象申请成功\n");
    // 2.字符设备驱动对象部分初始化  cdev_init
    cdev_init(cdev, &fops);
    // 3.申请设备号  register_chrdev_region/alloc_chrdev_region
    if (major > 0) // 静态申请设备号
    {
        ret = register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3, "myled");
        if (ret)
        {
            printk("静态指定设备号失败\n");
            goto out2;
        }
    }
    else // 动态申请设备号
    {
        ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, minor, 3, "myled");
        if (ret)
        {
            printk("动态申请设备号失败\n");
            goto out2;
        }
        major = MAJOR(devno); // 根据设备号得到主设备号
        minor = MINOR(devno); // 根据设备号得到次设备号
    }
    printk("申请设备号成功\n");
    // 4.注册字符设备驱动对象  cdev_add()
    ret = cdev_add(cdev, MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
    if (ret)
    {
        printk("注册字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
        goto out3;
    }
    printk("注册字符设备驱动对象成功\n");
    // 5.向上提交目录
    cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "myled");
    if (IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
        ret = -PTR_ERR(cls);
        goto out4;
    }
    printk("向上提交目录成功\n");
    // 6.向上提交设备节点
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        dev = device_create(cls, NULL, MKDEV(major, i), NULL, "myled%d", i);
        if (IS_ERR(dev))
        {
            printk("向上提交节点信息失败\n");
            ret = -PTR_ERR(dev);
            goto out5;
        }
    }
    printk("向上提交设备节点信息成功\n");
    // 映射物理地址
    vir_gpioe = ioremap(GPIOE, sizeof(gpio_t));
    if (vir_gpioe == NULL)
    {
        printk("MODER寄存器映射失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    vir_rcc = ioremap(RCC, 4);
    if (vir_rcc == NULL)
    {
        printk("RCC寄存器映射失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    vir_gpiof = ioremap(GPIOF, sizeof(gpio_t));
    if (vir_gpiof == NULL)
    {
        printk("MODER寄存器映射失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    printk("寄存器映射成功\n");
    (*vir_rcc) |= (0x3 << 4);
    // 寄存器初始化led1
    vir_gpioe->moder &= (~(0x3 << 20));
    vir_gpioe->moder |= (0x1 << 20);
    vir_gpioe->odr &= (~(0x1 << 10));
    // 寄存器初始化led2
    vir_gpiof->moder &= (~(0x3 << 20));
    vir_gpiof->moder |= (0x1 << 20);
    vir_gpiof->odr &= (~(0x1 << 10));
    // 寄存器初始化led3
    vir_gpioe->moder &= (~(0x3 << 16));
    vir_gpioe->moder |= (0x1 << 16);
    vir_gpioe->odr &= (~(0x1 << 8));
    printk("硬件寄存器初始化成功\n");

    return 0;
out5:
    for (--i; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        // 销毁上面提交的设备信息
        device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
    }
    class_destroy(cls);
out4:
    cdev_del(cdev);
out3:
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
out2:
    kfree(cdev);
out1:
    return ret;
}
static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
{
    // 取消寄存器地址映射
    iounmap(vir_gpioe);
    iounmap(vir_rcc);
    iounmap(vir_gpiof);
    // 1.销毁设备信息  device_destroy
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
    }
    // 2.销毁目录  class_destroy
    class_destroy(cls);
    // 3.注销对象  cdev_del()
    cdev_del(cdev);
    // 4.释放设备号   unregister_chrdev_region()
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
    // 5.释放对象空间  kfree()
    kfree(cdev);
}
module_init(mycdev_init);
module_exit(mycdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");