kubernetes学习 软件的安装 kubeadm kubectl kubelet

master节点安装kubeadm kubelet kubectl

• 要求CPU为2核以上
• 修改docker配置文件，使用systemd作为CGroup的驱动

创建docker文件夹

mkdir /etc/docker

docker客户端配置

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

重启docker

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl stop docker
systemctl start docker

安装kubeadm kubelet kubectl

yum install -y kubeadm-1.19.3 kubelet-1.19.3 kubectl-1.19.3

初始化主节点

设置主机名

vim /etc/hostname，添加内容

master

在命令行界面运行以下命令

kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.19.2 \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.99.101 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

根据提示执行以下命令

mkdir -p HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.confHOME/.kube/config
sudo chown (id -u):(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

配置KUBECONFIG环境变量

echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> ~/.bash_profile

使用kubectl get node查看master的状态为"NotReady"

安装网络插件

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

网络插件配置好以后，查看组件的运行状态kubectl get po -n kube-system，再次使用kubectl get node查看master的状态为“Ready”。

可以直接用下好的v0.15.1版本,然后执行kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

cat << EOF > kube-flannel.yml
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
  annotations:
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
  privileged: false
  volumes:
  - configMap
  - secret
  - emptyDir
  - hostPath
  allowedHostPaths:
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
  - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
  # Users and groups
  runAsUser:
    rule: RunAsAny
  supplementalGroups:
    rule: RunAsAny
  fsGroup:
    rule: RunAsAny
  # Privilege Escalation
  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  # Capabilities
  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
  defaultAddCapabilities: []
  requiredDropCapabilities: []
  # Host namespaces
  hostPID: false
  hostIPC: false
  hostNetwork: true
  hostPorts:
  - min: 0
    max: 65535
  # SELinux
  seLinux:
    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP
    rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
  resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
  verbs: ['use']
  resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
        image: rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.0.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.15.1
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.15.1
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
EOF

node节点安装kubeadm kubelet kubectl

克隆master节点后

• 网络配置：

  节点一的IP地址为：192.168.99.102，节点二的IP地址为：192.168.99.103

• hostname设置

  节点一的hostname为node1，节点二的hostname为node2

• 配置端口转发：

  echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
  echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables
  

• 从master节点复制admin.conf文件,在master节点输入以下命令。

  scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@node2:/etc/kubernetes/
  

• 配置环境变量

  echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> ~/.bash_profile
  source .bash_profile 
  

• 重置kubernetes

  kubeadm reset
  systemctl stop kubelet
  systemctl stop docker
  rm -rf /var/lib/cni /var/lib/kubelet* /etc/cni
  ifconfig cnio down
  ifconfig flannel.1 down
  ifconfig docker0 down
  iplink delete cni0
  iplink delete flannel.1
  systemctl start docker
  systemctl start kubelet
  

• token有效期为24小时，过期之后不能再使用，需要在master节点重新生成

  kubeadm token create --print-join-command
  

  master节点会重新生成一个join命令，在node节点执行

• 安装网络插件

  同master节点网络插件安装一样。