SpringBoot + K8S 中的滚动发布、优雅停机、弹性伸缩、应用监控、配置分离

• 前言

• 配置

  • 健康检查

  • 滚动更新

  • 弹性伸缩

  • Prometheus集成

  • 配置分离

• 汇总配置

  • 业务层面

  • 运维层面

---

前言

K8s + SpringBoot实现零宕机发布：健康检查+滚动更新+优雅停机+弹性伸缩+Prometheus监控+配置分离（镜像复用）

配置

健康检查

• 健康检查类型：就绪探针（readiness）+ 存活探针（liveness）

• 探针类型：exec（进入容器执行脚本）、tcpSocket（探测端口）、httpGet（调用接口）

业务层面

项目依赖 pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

定义访问端口、路径及权限 application.yaml

management:
  server:
    port: 50000                         # 启用独立运维端口
  endpoint:                             # 开启health端点
    health:
      probes:
        enabled: true
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        base-path: /actuator            # 指定上下文路径，启用相应端点
        include: health

将暴露/actuator/health/readiness和/actuator/health/liveness两个接口，访问方式如下：

http://127.0.0.1:50000/actuator/health/readiness
http://127.0.0.1:50000/actuator/health/liveness

运维层面

k8s部署模版deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: {APP_NAME}
        image: {IMAGE_URL}
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        ports:
        - containerPort: {APP_PORT}
        - name: management-port
          containerPort: 50000         # 应用管理端口
        readinessProbe:                # 就绪探针
          httpGet:
            path: /actuator/health/readiness
            port: management-port
          initialDelaySeconds: 30      # 延迟加载时间
          periodSeconds: 10            # 重试时间间隔
          timeoutSeconds: 1            # 超时时间设置
          successThreshold: 1          # 健康阈值
          failureThreshold: 6          # 不健康阈值
        livenessProbe:                 # 存活探针
          httpGet:
            path: /actuator/health/liveness
            port: management-port
          initialDelaySeconds: 30      # 延迟加载时间
          periodSeconds: 10            # 重试时间间隔
          timeoutSeconds: 1            # 超时时间设置
          successThreshold: 1          # 健康阈值
          failureThreshold: 6          # 不健康阈值

滚动更新

k8s资源调度之滚动更新策略，若要实现零宕机发布，需支持健康检查

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: {APP_NAME}
  labels:
    app: {APP_NAME}
spec:
  selector:
    matc