创建项目:
添加依赖:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.7.18</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.ktjiaoyu</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringBootWeb</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>SpringBootWeb</name>
<description>SpringBootWeb</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- SpringBoot热部署支持(开发阶段使用)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!--添加jst1标签库依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--添加jsp引擎依赖,Spring Boot内置tomcat没有这个依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--Web开发依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Model准备:
package com.ktjiaoyu.crm.service;
import com.ktjiaoyu.crm.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService {
public User login(String usrName, String usrPassword);
public int addUser(User user);
public int deleteUser(Long usrId);
public int updateUser(User user);
public User getUser(Long usrId);
public List<User> findAllUsers();
}
创建控制器:
@RequestMapping(value = "/getUser",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public User getUser(Long usrId){
User user = userService.getUser(usrId);
return user;
}
Web测试的支持:
package com.ktjiaoyu.crm;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class UserControllerTest {
@Resource
private WebApplicationContext wac; // 注入 web 环境
private MockMvc mockMvc; // 注入 MockMvc
@Before
public void setup() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); // 初始化 MockMvc
}
测试方法:
package com.ktjiaoyu.crm;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class UserControllerTest {
@Resource
private WebApplicationContext wac; // 注入 web 环境
private MockMvc mockMvc; // 注入 MockMvc
@Before
public void setup() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); // 初始化 MockMvc
}
//根据Id查询
@Test
public void testGetUser() throws Exception {
String mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/2")) // 测试地址
.andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString(); // 返回响应主体内容
System.out.println("Result==" + mvcResult);
}
//新增(post请求)
@Test
public void testAddUser() throws Exception {
//构造请求参数
final MultiValueMap<String , String> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
params.add("usrName","SB");
params.add("usrPassword","123456");
params.add("usrRoleId","2");
params.add("usrFlag","1");
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user").params(params))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());//打印响应结果
}
}
热部署配置:在修改代码后,无需手动重启整个应用程序即可看到修改后的效果。例如,在 Java Web 开发中,对一个 Servlet 类进行了方法的修改,如果开启了热部署,无需重新启动 Tomcat 服务器,节省了从停止到重新启动服务器的等待时间,让开发者可以更快速地进行代码调试和验证。
总结:
大量减少了传统 Spring 项目中繁琐的 XML 配置文件。例如,在 application.properties 或 application.yml 文件中,仅需简单几行配置就能完成如数据库连接、端口号修改等常见设置,如server.port = 8081
可轻松更改应用的启动端口。
通过 Spring Initializr 可以轻松创建基于 Spring Boot 的 Web 项目,可根据需求选择 Web、Thymeleaf、JPA 等相关依赖,极大地简化了项目搭建的初始步骤。