Java语言程序设计基础篇_编程练习题**18.27 (科赫雪花分形)

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于 2024-09-18 10:59:04 发布

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题目：**18.27 (科赫雪花分形)

代码示例

输出结果

题目：**18.27 (科赫雪花分形)

本章给出了思瑞平斯基三角形分形。本练习要编写一个程序，显示另一个称为科赫雪花(Koch snowflake)的分形，这是根据一位著名的瑞典数学家的名字命名的。

科赫雪花按如下方式产生:

从一个等边三角形开始，将其作为0阶(或0级)科赫分形，如图18-14a所示。
三角形中的每条边分成三个相等的线段，以中间的线段作为底边向外画一个等边三角形，产生1阶科赫分形，如图18-14b所示。
重复步骤2产生2阶科赫分形，3阶科赫分形，···，如图18-14c-d所示

代码示例

编程练习题18_27KochSnowflakeFractal.java

package chapter_18;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.geometry.Point2D;
import javafx.geometry.Pos;
import javafx.scene.Node;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.ContentDisplay;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.shape.Line;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class 编程练习题18_27KochSnowflakeFractal extends Application{
	private double WIDTH = 400;
	private double HEIGHT = 400;
	private TextField tfOrder;
	private Pane trianglePane = new Pane();
	
	
	@Override
	public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
		tfOrder = new TextField();
		Label lbOrder = new Label("Enter an order: ",tfOrder);
		lbOrder.setContentDisplay(ContentDisplay.RIGHT);
		HBox hBox = new HBox(lbOrder);
		hBox.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
		drawBaseTriangle(0);
		tfOrder.setOnKeyPressed(e ->{
			if(!tfOrder.getText().isEmpty()) {
				trianglePane.getChildren().clear();
				drawBaseTriangle(Integer.valueOf(tfOrder.getText()));
			}
		});
		BorderPane borderPane = new BorderPane();
		borderPane.setCenter(trianglePane);
		borderPane.setBottom(hBox);
		
		Scene scene = new Scene(borderPane,WIDTH,HEIGHT+20);
		primaryStage.setTitle("编程练习题18_27KochSnowflakeFractal");
		primaryStage.setScene(scene);
		primaryStage.show();
	}
	private void drawBaseTriangle(int order) {
		 double length = HEIGHT - 100;
	        Line l1 = new Line(WIDTH / 2, 0, (WIDTH / 2) + length * Math.cos(1 * (Math.PI * 2 / 6)),
	                0 + length * Math.sin(1 * (Math.PI * 2 / 6)));
	        Line l2 = new Line(l1.getEndX(), l1.getEndY(), l1.getEndX() - length, l1.getEndY());
	        Line l3 = new Line(l2.getEndX(), l2.getEndY(), l1.getStartX(), l1.getStartY());
	        trianglePane.getChildren().addAll(l1, l2, l3);
	        if (order > 0) {
	            draw(order);
	        }
	}
	public void draw(int order) {
		if(order == 0)
			return;
		
		ArrayList<Line> lines = new ArrayList<Line>();
		for(Node node:trianglePane.getChildren()) {
			if(node instanceof Line) {
				lines.add((Line)node);
			}
		}
		for(Line l:lines) {
			drawFractalTriangle(l);
			/*double x1 = l.getStartX();
			double y1 = l.getStartY();
			double x2 = l.getEndX();
			double y2 = l.getEndY();
			drawFractalTriangle(x1,y1,x2,y2, order);;*/
		}
		draw(order-1);
	}
	public void drawFractalTriangle(Line line) {  
		double DIST = getLength(line) / 3;
        double dy = (line.getStartY() - line.getEndY());
        double dx = (line.getEndX() - line.getStartX());
        double th = Math.atan2(dy, dx);

        double x1 = line.getStartX() + DIST * Math.cos(th);
        double y1 = line.getStartY() - DIST * Math.sin(th);

        double x2 = line.getEndX() + DIST * Math.cos(th + Math.toRadians(180));
        double y2 = line.getEndY() - DIST * Math.sin(th + Math.toRadians(180));

        double x3 = x2 + DIST * Math.cos(th + Math.toRadians(120));
        double y3 = y2 - DIST * Math.sin(th + Math.toRadians(120));

        Line l1 = new Line(line.getStartX(), line.getStartY(), x1, y1);
        Line l2 = new Line(x2, y2, line.getEndX(), line.getEndY());
        Line l3 = new Line(l1.getEndX(), l1.getEndY(), x3, y3);
        Line l4 = new Line(l3.getEndX(), l3.getEndY(), x2, y2);

        trianglePane.getChildren().remove(line);
        trianglePane.getChildren().addAll(l1, l2, l3, l4);
	}
	 private double getLength(Line line) {
	        return Math.sqrt(Math.pow(line.getEndX() - line.getStartX(), 2) + Math.pow(line.getEndY() - line.getStartY(),
	                2));
	    }
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Application.launch(args);
	}
}