数据结构实验1：动态分配内存实现三元组的各项功能

实现动态分配内存的三元组；

在定义方面

我们应该创建一个结构体指针，让他可以动态分配内存。

 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef int Status;

void menu() {
	printf("请选择\n");
	printf("1.初始化一个三元组\n");
	printf("2.得到这个三元组最小值\n");
	printf("3.得到这个三元组最大值\n");
	printf("4.设置这个三元组第index个元素的值\n");
	printf("5.得到这个三元组第index个元素的值\n");
	printf("6.给这个三元组对应元素值乘一个因子\n");
	printf("7.给定两个三元组对应元素值相加变成一个新的三元组\n");
	printf("8.这两个三元组对应元素值相减变成一个新的三元组\n");
	printf("9.打印第1个三元组\n");
	printf("10.释放存储空间\n");
}

typedef struct {//创建一个结构体
	int a;
	int b;
	int c;
} Triplet; //重命名为Triplet

Triplet* initTriplet(int a, int b, int c) {//用指针动态分配内存
	// 分配内存空间以存储 Triplet 结构体
	Triplet* t = (Triplet*)malloc(sizeof(Triplet));
	// 检查是否成功分配内存
	if (t) {
		// 如果成功分配内存，则为结构体的成员赋值
		t->a = a;
		t->b = b;
		t->c = c;
	}
	// 返回指向 Triplet 结构体的指针
	return t;
}


int minTriplet(Triplet* t) {//取最小值，
	int min = t->a;
	if (t->b < min)
		min = t->b;
	if (t->c < min)
		min = t->c;
	return min;
}

int maxTriplet(Triplet* t) {
	int max = t->a;
	if (t->b > max)
		max = t->b;
	if (t->c > max)
		max = t->c;
	return max;
}

void setTripletElement(Triplet* t, int index, int value) {
	switch (index) {
	case 0:
		t->a = value;
		break;
	case 1:
		t->b = value;
		break;
	case 2:
		t->c = value;
		break;
	default:
		printf("Invalid index\n");
	}
}

int getTripletElement(Triplet* t, int index) {
	switch (index) {
	case 0:
		return t->a;
	case 1:
		return t->b;
	case 2:
		return t->c;
	default:
		printf("Invalid index\n");
		return 0;
	}
}

void multiplyTriplet(Triplet* t, int factor) {//元素乘以一个相同的因子
	t->a *= factor;
	t->b *= factor;
	t->c *= factor;
}

Triplet* addTriplets(Triplet* t1, Triplet* t2) {
	if (!t1 || !t2)
		return NULL;
	Triplet* result = (Triplet*)malloc(sizeof(Triplet));//动态分配一个新的三元组
	if (result) {
		result->a = t1->a + t2->a;
		result->b = t1->b + t2->b;
		result->c = t1->c + t2->c;
	}
	return result;
}

Triplet* subtractTriplets(Triplet* t1, Triplet* t2) {
	if (!t1 || !t2)
		return NULL;
	Triplet* result = (Triplet*)malloc(sizeof(Triplet));
	if (result) {
		result->a = t1->a - t2->a;
		result->b = t1->b - t2->b;
		result->c = t1->c - t2->c;
	}
	return result;
}

void printTriplet(Triplet* t) {
	if (t)
		printf("(%d, %d, %d)\n", t->a, t->b, t->c);
}

Status DestroyTriplet(Triplet* t) {
	if (t) {
		free(t);//释放空间内存
		return 0;
	}
	else {
		return 1;
	}
}

int main() {
	Triplet* t1 = NULL;
	Triplet* t2 = NULL;
	int n;
	int t = 1;
	menu();
	scanf("%d", &n);
	while (t) {

		switch (n) {
		case 1:
			printf("请输入第一个三元组的元素：");
			int a, b, c;
			scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);
			t1 = initTriplet(a, b, c);
			break;
		case 2:
			printf("最小值：%d\n", minTriplet(t1));
			break;
		case 3:
			printf("最大值：%d\n", maxTriplet(t1));
			break;
		case 4:
			int i, j;
			printf("请输入你要设置第几个元素：");
			scanf("%d", &i);
			printf("请输入你要设置为什么：");
			scanf("%d", &j);
			setTripletElement(t1, i, j);
			printTriplet(t1);
			break;
		case 5:
			int index;
			printf("请输入你要获取第几个元素的值：");
			scanf("%d", &index);
			printf("第%d个元素的值为：%d\n", index, getTripletElement(t1, index));
			break;
		case 6:
			int factor;
			printf("请输入你要乘以的元素：");
			scanf("%d", &factor);
			multiplyTriplet(t1, factor);
			printTriplet(t1);
			break;
		case 7:
			printf("请输入第二个三元组的元素：");
			scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);
			t2 = initTriplet(a, b, c);
			printTriplet(addTriplets(t1, t2));
			break;
		case 8:
			printf("请输入第二个三元组的元素：");
			scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);
			t2 = initTriplet(a, b, c);
			printTriplet(subtractTriplets(t1, t2));
			break;
		case 9:
			printTriplet(t1);
			break;
		case 10:
			DestroyTriplet(t1);
			DestroyTriplet(t2);
			t1 = NULL;
			t2 = NULL;
			break;
		case 11:
			t = 0;
			break;
		default:
			printf("非法输入，请重新输入\n");
			break;
		}
		if (t != 0) {
			scanf("%d", &n);
		}
	}

	return 0;
}