Netty(一) netty实现服务端小Demo

目标

用netty框架实现一个可以http访问的服务端（只是一个小demo）。

一、创建maven项目

创建一个maven项目，如下图

注意查看目录结构是否争取，是否有pom.xml

二、引入netty依赖

在pom.xml中引入netty

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.42.Final</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

三、代码编写

共两个类HttpHelloWorldServerHandler和HttpHelloWordServer，代码如下：

HttpHelloWorldServerHandler类

package http;

import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;

public class HttpHelloWorldServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {
    private static final byte[] content = "helloworld".getBytes();

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();//这个必须重写
    }


    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, HttpObject httpObject) throws Exception {
        if (httpObject instanceof HttpRequest){
            HttpRequest req = (HttpRequest) httpObject;//强转
            FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(req.protocolVersion(),
                    HttpResponseStatus.OK, Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(content));//获取request protocolVersion,创建response.
            response.headers()
                    .set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE,HttpHeaderValues.TEXT_PLAIN)
                    .setInt(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH,response.content().readableBytes());//设置一些header信息

            ChannelFuture f = channelHandlerContext.write(response);//写回去
        }
    }
}

HttpHelloWordServer类

package http;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerExpectContinueHandler;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;

public class HttpHelloWordServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
        b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
                .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() {

                    @Override
                    protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
                        ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();

                        p.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
                        p.addLast(new HttpServerExpectContinueHandler());
                        p.addLast(new HttpHelloWorldServerHandler());

                    }
                });

        try {
            Channel ch = b.bind(8080).sync().channel();//异步创建channel
            ch.closeFuture().sync();//异步关闭
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}

四、启动测试

1）启动HttpHelloWordServer的main方法。

2）访问localhost:8080,如下即为成功

参考：代码参考傅健老师极客时间专栏《Netty 源码剖析与实战》