20231304 2023-2024-2 《Python程序设计》实验四报告

20231304王星婷

已于 2024-05-29 22:22:03 修改

阅读量378

点赞数 3

文章标签： python pygame 开发语言

于 2024-05-29 22:10:11 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_79585909/article/details/139306842

版权

20231304 2023-2024-2 《Python程序设计》实验四报告

课程：《Python程序设计》
班级： 2313
姓名：王星婷
学号：20231304
实验教师：王志强
实验日期：2024年5月29日
必修/选修：公选课

1.实验内容

Python综合应用：爬虫、数据处理、可视化、机器学习、神经网络、游戏、网络安全等。
课代表和各小组负责人收集作业（源代码、视频、综合实践报告）

例如：编写从社交网络爬取数据，实现可视化舆情监控或者情感分析。

例如：利用公开数据集，开展图像分类、恶意软件检测等

例如：利用Python库，基于OCR技术实现自动化提取图片中数据，并填入excel中。

例如：爬取天气数据，实现自动化微信提醒

例如：利用爬虫，实现自动化下载网站视频、文件等。

例如：编写小游戏：坦克大战、贪吃蛇、扫雷等等

2. 实验过程及结果

1.创建蛇和立方体

import math
import random
import pygame
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox


class cube(object):
    rows = 20
    w = 500

    def __init__(self, start, dirnx=1, dirny=0, color=(255, 0, 0)):
        pass

    def move(self, dirnx, dirny):
        pass

    def draw(self, surface, eyes=False):
        pass


class snake(object):
    def __init__(self, color, pos):
        pass

    def move(self):
        pass

    def reset(self, pos):
        pass

    def addCube(self):
        pass

    def draw(self, surface):
        pass


def drawGrid(w, rows, surface):
    pass


def redrawWindow(surface):
    pass


def randomSnack(rows, item):
    pass


def message_box(subject, content):
    pass


def main():
    pass


main()

###2.创造游戏循环：

在main()功能。在函数的顶部声明一些变量，然后进入while循环。

def main():
    global width, rows, s
    width = 500  # Width of our screen
    height = 500  # Height of our screen
    rows = 20  # Amount of rows

    win = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))  # Creates our screen object

    s = snake((255, 0, 0), (10, 10))  # Creates a snake object which we will code later

    clock = pygame.time.Clock()  # creating a clock object

    flag = True
    # STARTING MAIN LOOP
    while flag:
        pygame.time.delay(50)  # This will delay the game so it doesn't run too quickly
        clock.tick(10)  # Will ensure our game runs at 10 FPS
        redrawWindow(win)  # This will refresh our screen

3.更新屏幕，在游戏循环中每一帧调用这个函数，并简单绘制网格线

def redrawWindow(surface):
    surface.fill((0,0,0))  # Fills the screen with black
    drawGrid(surface)  # Will draw our grid lines
    pygame.display.update()  # Updates the screen

4.绘制网格：20*20

def drawGrid(w, rows, surface):
    sizeBtwn = w // rows  # Gives us the distance between the lines

    x = 0  # Keeps track of the current x
    y = 0  # Keeps track of the current y
    for l in range(rows):  # We will draw one vertical and one horizontal line each loop
        x = x + sizeBtwn
        y = y + sizeBtwn

        pygame.draw.line(surface, (255, 255, 255), (x, 0), (x, w))
        pygame.draw.line(surface, (255, 255, 255), (0, y), (w, y))

5.运行程序时，即可看到网格线

在这里插入图片描述

6.制作贪吃蛇

将蛇作为一个立方体列表，将这些立方体存在body列表中，成为一个类变量。

class snake(object):
    body = []
    turns = {}

    def __init__(self, color, pos):
        self.color = color
        self.head = cube(pos)  # The head will be the front of the snake
        self.body.append(self.head)  # We will add head (which is a cube object)
        # to our body list

        # These will represent the direction our snake is moving
        self.dirnx = 0
        self.dirny = 1

7.制作蛇的转弯动作

我们需要记住我们把我们的蛇转向了哪里和哪个方向，这样当头部后面的立方体到达那个位置时，我们也可以把它们转向。这就是为什么每当我们转向时，我们会将头部的位置添加到转向字典中，其中值是我们转向的方向。这样，当其他立方体到达这个位置时，我们就知道如何转动它们了。

class snake(object):
    ...

    def move(self):
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()

            keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()

            for key in keys:
                if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
                    self.dirnx = -1
                    self.dirny = 0
                    self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]

                elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
                    self.dirnx = 1
                    self.dirny = 0
                    self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]

                elif keys[pygame.K_UP]:
                    self.dirnx = 0
                    self.dirny = -1
                    self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]

                elif keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
                    self.dirnx = 0
                    self.dirny = 1
                    self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]

        for i, c in enumerate(self.body):  # Loop through every cube in our body
            p = c.pos[:]  # This stores the cubes position on the grid
            if p in self.turns:  # If the cubes current position is one where we turned
                turn = self.turns[p]  # Get the direction we should turn
                c.move(turn[0], turn[1])  # Move our cube in that direction
                if i == len(self.body) - 1:  # If this is the last cube in our body remove the turn from the dict
                    self.turns.pop(p)
            else:  # If we are not turning the cube
                # If the cube reaches the edge of the screen we will make it appear on the opposite side
                if c.dirnx == -1 and c.pos[0] <= 0:
                    c.pos = (c.rows - 1, c.pos[1])
                elif c.dirnx == 1 and c.pos[0] >= c.rows - 1:
                    c.pos = (0, c.pos[1])
                elif c.dirny == 1 and c.pos[1] >= c.rows - 1:
                    c.pos = (c.pos[0], 0)
                elif c.dirny == -1 and c.pos[1] <= 0:
                    c.pos = (c.pos[0], c.rows - 1)
                else:
                    c.move(c.dirnx, c.dirny)  # If we haven't reached the edge just move in our current direction

8.画蛇

画出蛇的立方体，用draw()

class snake(object):
    ...
    def draw(self):
        for i, c in enumerate(self.body):
            if i == 0:  # for the first cube in the list we want to draw eyes
                c.draw(surface, True)  # adding the true as an argument will tell us to draw eyes
            else:
                c.draw(surface)  # otherwise we will just draw a cube

9.当蛇与自己碰撞时游戏结束

for x in range(len(s.body)):
    if s.body[x].pos in list(map(lambda z:z.pos,s.body[x+1:])): # This will check if any of the positions in our body list overlap
        print('Score: ', len(s.body))
        message_box('You Lost!', 'Play again...')
        s.reset((10,10))
        break

10.重置你的小蛇

这样我们可以再次玩

class snake():
    ...
    def reset(self, pos):
        self.head = cube(pos)
        self.body = []
        self.body.append(self.head)
        self.turns = {}
        self.dirnx = 0
        self.dirny = 1