数据结构(双向链表)

目录

一.初始化哨兵位

1.通过形参保存返回值

2.通过返回值接收 

二.插入数据 

1.尾插

 2.头插

三.删除数据

1.尾删

2.头删 

四.指定位置的操作

 1.指定位置插入数据

2.删除指定位置

​编辑

五.数据的查找

 六.销毁链表

完整代码实现 

---

带头双向循环链表

哨兵位head：不存储有效数据 （遍历循环链表，避免死循环）

一.初始化哨兵位

1.通过形参保存返回值

void LTInit(LTNode** pphead)
{
	*pphead = (LTNode*)malloc(sizeof(LTNode));
	if (*pphead == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc");
		return NULL;
	}
	(*pphead)->data = -1;
	(*pphead)->next = (*pphead)->prev = *pphead;
}

2.通过返回值接收 

LTNode* LTInit()
{
	LTNode* phead = (LTNode*)malloc(sizeof(LTNode));
	if (phead == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc");
		return NULL;
	}
	phead->data = -1;
	phead->next = phead->prev = phead;
	return phead;
}

 链表中只有哨兵位时，链表为空链表，即哨兵位不能删除

二.插入数据 

1.尾插

//尾插
void LTPushBack(LTNode* phead, SLTDataType x)
{
	assert(phead);
	LTNode* newnode = LTBuyNode(x);
	newnode->next = phead;
	newnode->prev = phead->prev;

	phead->prev -> next = newnode;
	phead->prev = newnode;
}

 2.头插

//头插
void LTPushFront(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x) {
	assert(phead);

	LTNode* newnode = LTBuyNode(x);
	//phead newnode phead->next
	newnode->next = phead->next;
	newnode->prev = phead;

	phead->next->prev = newnode;
	phead->next = newnode;
}

三.删除数据

1.尾删

//尾删
void LTPopBack(LTNode* phead) {
	assert(phead);
	//链表为空：只有一个哨兵位节点
	assert(phead->next != phead);

	LTNode* del = phead->prev;
	LTNode* prev = del->prev;

	prev->next = phead;
	phead->prev = prev;

	free(del);
	del = NULL;
}

2.头删 

//头删
void LTPopFront(LTNode* phead) {
	assert(phead);
	assert(phead->next != phead);

	LTNode* del = phead->next;
	LTNode* next = del->next;

	//phead del next
	next->prev = phead;
	phead->next = next;

	free(del);
	del = NULL;
}

四.指定位置的操作

 1.指定位置插入数据

//在pos位置之后插入数据
void LTInsert(LTNode* pos, LTDataType x) {
	assert(pos);
	LTNode* newnode = LTBuyNode(x);
	//pos newnode pos->next
	newnode->next = pos->next;
	newnode->prev = pos;

	pos->next->prev = newnode;
	pos->next = newnode;
}

2.删除指定位置

//删除pos位置的数据
void LTErase(LTNode* pos) {
	assert(pos);

	//pos->prev pos  pos->next
	pos->next->prev = pos->prev;
	pos->prev->next = pos->next;

	free(pos);
	pos = NULL;
}

五.数据的查找

LTNode* LTFind(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x) {
	assert(phead);
	LTNode* pcur = phead->next;
	while (pcur != phead)
	{
		if (pcur->data == x) {
			return pcur;
		}
		pcur = pcur->next;
	}
	return NULL;
}

 六.销毁链表

void LTDesTroy(LTNode* phead) {
	//哨兵位不能为空
	assert(phead);

	LTNode* pcur = phead->next;
	while (pcur != phead)
	{
		LTNode* next = pcur->next;
		free(pcur);
		pcur = next;
	}
	//链表中只有一个哨兵位
	free(phead);
	phead = NULL;
}

 需要后续手动致plist为空 

void LTDestroy(LTNode** pphead) {
	//哨兵位不能为空
	assert(*pphead);

	LTNode* pcur = (*pphead)->next;
	while (pcur != *pphead)
	{
		LTNode* next = pcur->next;
		free(pcur);
		pcur = next;
	}
	//链表中只有一个哨兵位
	free(*pphead);
	*pphead = NULL;
}

完整代码实现 

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
//双向链表
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdbool.h>
#include<assert.h>
typedef int LTDataType;
typedef struct ListNode
{
	struct ListNode* next;
	struct ListNode* prev;
	LTDataType data;
}LTNode;

/*void LTInit(LTNode** pphead)
{
	*pphead = (LTNode*)malloc(sizeof(LTNode));
	if (*pphead == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc");
		return NULL;
	}
	(*pphead)->data = -1;
	(*pphead)->next = (*pphead)->prev = *pphead;
}*/

LTNode* LTInit()
{
	LTNode* phead = (LTNode*)malloc(sizeof(LTNode));
	if (phead == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc");
		return NULL;
	}
	phead->data = -1;
	phead->next = phead->prev = phead;
	return phead;
}

LTNode* LTBuyNode(LTDataType x)
{
	LTNode* newnode = (LTNode*)malloc(sizeof(LTNode));
	if (newnode == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc");
		return NULL;
	}
	newnode->data = x;
	newnode->next = newnode->prev = newnode;
	return newnode;
}
//不需要改变哨兵位，则不需要传二级指针
//如果需要改哨兵位，则传二级指针

//尾插
void LTPushBack(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{
	assert(phead);
	LTNode* newnode = LTBuyNode(x);
	newnode->next = phead;
	newnode->prev = phead->prev;

	phead->prev -> next = newnode;
	phead->prev = newnode;
}

//头插
void LTPushFront(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x) {
	assert(phead);

	LTNode* newnode = LTBuyNode(x);
	//phead newnode phead->next
	newnode->next = phead->next;
	newnode->prev = phead;

	phead->next->prev = newnode;
	phead->next = newnode;
}
//尾删
void LTPopBack(LTNode* phead) {
	assert(phead);
	//链表为空：只有一个哨兵位节点
	assert(phead->next != phead);

	LTNode* del = phead->prev;
	LTNode* prev = del->prev;

	prev->next = phead;
	phead->prev = prev;

	free(del);
	del = NULL;
}
//头删
void LTPopFront(LTNode* phead) {
	assert(phead);
	assert(phead->next != phead);

	LTNode* del = phead->next;
	LTNode* next = del->next;

	//phead del next
	next->prev = phead;
	phead->next = next;

	free(del);
	del = NULL;
}
LTNode* LTFind(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x) {
	assert(phead);
	LTNode* pcur = phead->next;
	while (pcur != phead)
	{
		if (pcur->data == x) {
			return pcur;
		}
		pcur = pcur->next;
	}
	return NULL;
}
//在pos位置之后插入数据
void LTInsert(LTNode* pos, LTDataType x) {
	assert(pos);
	LTNode* newnode = LTBuyNode(x);
	//pos newnode pos->next
	newnode->next = pos->next;
	newnode->prev = pos;

	pos->next->prev = newnode;
	pos->next = newnode;
}
//删除pos位置的数据
void LTErase(LTNode* pos) {
	assert(pos);

	//pos->prev pos  pos->next
	pos->next->prev = pos->prev;
	pos->prev->next = pos->next;

	free(pos);
	pos = NULL;
}
void LTPrint(LTNode* phead) {
	//phead不能为空
	assert(phead);
	LTNode* pcur = phead->next;
	while (pcur != phead)
	{
		printf("%d ", pcur->data);
		pcur = pcur->next;
	}
	printf("\n");
}
/*void LTDestroy(LTNode* phead) {
	//哨兵位不能为空
	assert(phead);

	LTNode* pcur = phead->next;
	while (pcur != phead)
	{
		LTNode* next = pcur->next;
		free(pcur);
		pcur = next;
	}
	//链表中只有一个哨兵位
	free(phead);
	phead = NULL;
}*/
void LTDestroy(LTNode** pphead) {
	//哨兵位不能为空
	assert(*pphead);

	LTNode* pcur = (*pphead)->next;
	while (pcur != *pphead)
	{
		LTNode* next = pcur->next;
		free(pcur);
		pcur = next;
	}
	//链表中只有一个哨兵位
	free(*pphead);
	*pphead = NULL;
}
int main()
{
	//LTNode* plist = NULL;
	//LTInit(&plist);
	LTNode* plist = LTInit();
	LTPushBack(plist, 1);
	LTPushBack(plist, 2);
	LTPushBack(plist, 3);
	LTPushBack(plist, 4);
	LTPrint(plist);
	LTPushFront(plist, 100);
	LTPushFront(plist, 200);
	LTPushFront(plist, 300);
	LTPrint(plist);
	LTPopBack(plist);
	LTPopBack(plist);
	LTPrint(plist);
	LTNode* ret= LTFind(plist, 2);
	LTInsert(ret, 22);
	LTPrint(plist);
	//LTDestroy(plist);
	//plist = NULL;
	LTDestroy(&plist);
}