1、导入模块和汉字显示
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'SimHei'
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
2、准备x轴和y轴的数据
x = np.arange(3)
y1 = np.array([1.89, 1.45, 1.63])
y2 = np.array([1.56, 1.69, 1.74])
y3 = np.array([4.66, 5.24, 5.89])
y4 = np.array([3.34, 2.56, 4.99])
3、指定测量偏差
error1 = [0.11, 0.05, 0.11]
error2 = [0.20, 0.19, 0.12]
error3 = [0.30, 0.32, 0.29]
error4 = [0.19, 0.30, 0.33]
bar_width = 0.2
4、绘制柱形图
plt.bar(x, y1, bar_width)
plt.bar(x + bar_width, y2, bar_width, tick_label=["春季", "夏季", "秋季"])
plt.bar(x + 2*bar_width, y3, bar_width)
plt.bar(x + 3*bar_width, y4, bar_width)
5、绘制误差棒 : 横杆大小为 3, 线条宽度为 2, 线条颜色为黑色, 数据点标记为,(像素点),不绘制连接线
plt.errorbar(x, y1, yerr=error1, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, ls= 'none',color='black')
plt.errorbar(x + bar_width, y2, yerr=error2, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, ls='none')
plt.errorbar(x + 2*bar_width, y3, yerr=error3, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, ls='none')
plt.errorbar(x + 3*bar_width, y4, yerr=error4, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, ls='none')
plt.show()