目录
实验七:随机变量数据模拟
练习三
1. 描绘以下数组的频数直方图,画出最小二乘拟合直线3.8,27.6,31.6,32.4,33.7,34.9,43.2,52.8,63.8,41.4,51.8,61.7,67.9,68.7,77.5,95.9,137.4,155
clc;clear;
x=[3.8 27.6 31.6 32.4 33.7 34.9 43.2 52.8 63.8 41.4 51.8 61.7 67.9 68.7 77.5 95.91 37.4 155];
figure(1)
histogram(x,10);
figure(2)
plot(x,'*');
hold on
lsline
2. 来自总体的样本观测值如下,计算样本均值、样本方差、样本中位数、样本极差。画出频率直方图、经验分布函数图。
16,25,19,20,25,33,24,23,20,24,25,17,15,21,22,26,15,23,22,20,14,16,11,14,28,18,13,27,
31,25,24,16,19,23,26,17,14,30,21,18,16,18,19,20,22,19,22,18,26,26,13,21,13.11,19,23,18,
24,28,13,11,25,15,17,18,22,16,13,12,13,11,09,15,18,21,15,12,17,13,14,12,16,10,08,23,
18,11,16,28,13,21,22,12,08,15,21,18,16,16,19,28,19,12,14,19,28,28,13,21,28,19,11,15,
18,24,18,16,28,19,15,13,22,14,16,24,20,28,18,18,28,14,13,28,29,24,28,14,18,18,18,08,
21,16,24,32,16,28,19,15,18,18,10,12,16,18,19,33,08,11,18,27,23,11,22,22,13,28,14,22,
18,26,18,16,32,27,25,24,17,17,28,33,16,20,28,32,19,23,18,28,15,24,28,29,16,17,19,18.
clc;clear;
x=[16,25,19,20,25,33,24,23,20,24,25,17,15,21,22,26,15,23,22,20,14,16,11,14,28,18,13,27,31,25,24,16,19,23,26,17,14,30,21,18,16,18,19,20,22,19,22,18,26,26,13,21,13,11,19,23,18,24,28,13,11,25,15,17,18,22,16,13,12,13,11,09,15,18,21,15,12,17,13,14,12,16,10,08,23,18,11,16,28,13,21,22,12,08,15,21,18,16,16,19,28,19,12,14,19,28,28,13,21,28,19,11,15,18,24,18,16,28,19,15,13,22,14,16,24,20,28,18,18,28,14,13,28,29,24,28,14,18,18,18,08,21,16,24,32,16,28,19,15,18,18,10,12,16,18,19,33,08,11,18,27,23,11,22,22,13,28,14,22,18,26,18,16,32,27,25,24,17,17,28,33,16,20,28,32,19,23,18,28,15,24,28,29,16,17,19,18];
averge=mean(x),fc=var(x),zws=median(x),jc=max(x)-min(x)
figure(1)
histogram(x,15);
figure(2)
cdfplot(x)
averge =19.4416
fc =34.1662
zws =18
jc =25
3. .给出200名学生的身高(单位:cm)与体重(单位:kg).
(1)计算样本均值、样本标准差、中位数;
(2)作出身高与体重的频率直方图;
(3)估计身高与体重的关系。
由于数据的缺乏,本题略。
练习四
1. 随机变量的数学期望有许多无偏估计量,你知道哪些?类似于示例7,用数据模拟的方法进行模拟实验,讨论在你所给出的无偏估计量(至少三个)里哪一个最好?
数学期望的无偏估计量: 为 的无偏估计量。
clc;clear;
%产生四个样本
x1=randi([0,1],1,1000);
x2=randi([0,1],1,1000);
x3=randi([0,1],1,1000);
x4=randi([0,1],1,1000);
%无偏估量1 1/2 1/2
w1=0.5*mean(x1)+0.5*mean(x2)
%无偏估量2 1/3 2/3
w2=1/3*mean(x1)+2/3*mean(x2)
%无偏估量3 1/3 1/3 1/3
w3=1/3*mean(x1)+1/3*mean(x2)+1/3*mean(x3)
%无偏估计量4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4
w4=1/4*mean(x1)+1/4*mean(x2)+1/4*mean(x3)+1/4*mean(x4)
w1 =
0.4895
w2 =
0.4820
w3 =
0.4960
w4 =
0.4925
2.用数据模拟的方法,实验讨论无偏估计量中方差最小估计量的统计意义。
略
3.用此次实验中讲到的数据模拟方法,你还能模拟哪些概率统计内容?
略
练习五
1. 某食品厂用自动装罐机装罐头食品,每罐标准质量为500g定间需要检查机工情况现抽得10罐,测得其质量为(单位:g):455,510,505,498,503,492,592,612,407,506.假定质量服从正态分布,在显著性水平0.05下检验机器工作是否正常?
clc;clear;
x=[455,510,505,498,503,492,592,612,407,506];
h=ttest(x,500,0.05)
h =0;
不拒绝原假设,则该检验机器合格。
2. 某部门对当前市场的价格情况进行调查,以鸡蛋为例,在所抽查的全省20个集市上,售价别为(单位:元/500g):3.05,3.31,3.34,3.82,3.30,3.16,3.84,3.10,3.90,3.18,3.88,3.22,3.28,3.34,3.62,3.28,
3.30,3.22,3.54,3.30.
已知往年的平均售价一直稳定在3.25元/500g左右,在显著性水平0.01下,能否认为全省当前的鸡蛋售价明显高于往年?
clc;clear;
x=[3.05,3.31,3.34,3.82,3.30,3.16,3.84,3.10,3.90,3.18,3.88,3.22,3.28,3.34,3.62,3.28,3.30,3.22,3.54,3.30];
h=ttest(x,3.25,0.01,'left')
h =0;
3. 从正态总体N(μ, )中抽取10个样本,测得观测值为:5.8,6.10,6.5,6.23,5.9,6.45,6.8,6.25,6.5,5.7.在 =0.01下检验假设H0: =0.25,H0: ≠0.25.
clc;clear;
x=[5.8,6.10,6.5,6.23,5.9,6.45,6.8,6.25,6.5,5.7];
h=vartest(x,0.25,0.01)
h =0
4. 甲、乙两台车床加工同种零件,从两台车床加工的产品中随机抽取若干件,测得产品的直径(单位:cm)为
甲:1.45,1.49,1.52,1.51,1.49,1.48,1.54;
乙:1.47,1.52,1.50,1.53,1.49,1.48,1.49,1.46
假设两台车床加工的产品直径都服从正态分布,问两台车床产品的直径是否可以认为服从同一分布( =0.05)?
clc;clear;
x1=[1.45,1.49,1.52,1.51,1.49,1.48,1.54];
x2=[1.47,1.52,1.50,1.53,1.49,1.48,1.49,1.46];
h=kstest2(x1,x2,0.05)
h =
logical
0
5. 一颗骰子掷了100次,得结果如下:
点数i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
频数 | 14 | 17 | 15 | 21 | 13 | 20 |
在α=0.05下,检验这颗骰子是否均匀?
clc;clear;
x=[14,17,15,21,13,20];
a=0.05;
[h,p,stats]=chi2gof(x,'Alpha',a)
h =
0
p =
NaN
stats =
包含以下字段的 struct:
chi2stat: 0.3837
df: 0
edges: [13.0000 17.0000 21.0000]
O: [4 2]
E: [3.2439 2.7561]
本文由作者自创,由于时间原因,难免存在一些问题,还请大家多多批评指正,谢谢。创作不易,望多多支持。