前言
C语言实现较简单的五子棋游戏,AI算法比较简单但应该能玩赢普通人的吧😉(作者比较菜,能玩赢作者)
现在让我们开始创作
创作思路
首先,我们要有一个棋盘。用easyx开辟一个窗口,然后加载一张图片,再在图片上画棋盘就可以了。棋盘的行列数目可以自己设定。
然后,我们要实现下棋的功能。棋子用实心圆表示,有黑白两种颜色。当鼠标在棋盘点下去后,传入鼠标的位置,并在距离最近的位置画一个圆(棋子)。用一个二维数组判断棋盘位置是否已经下棋,且是什么颜色的棋子,防止重叠下棋。
之后,我们要判断输赢。循环遍历棋盘,看是否有五子连珠的情况,如果有,传出连珠颜色,结束游戏。
到这,五子棋大概框架已经成了,现在还需要一个ai下棋的算法。
以一点横着为例,如果该点左边或者右边有几个相连的自己的棋子,那么,该点就有一个分值。将每一个点的横竖左右分值加一起,为该点的总分。分值最大的地方就是ai要下棋的地方。
程序实例
准备
先加载头文件,定义背景图和棋盘大小
#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<math.h>
IMAGE wzq;//背景图
int num = -1;//-1表示黑子下,1表示白字下。
int piece[15][15];
画棋盘
我们的背景图是不带线条的风景图,所以,接下来要画棋盘
void putbackground()//放置背景图
{
putimage(0, 0, 225, 225, &wzq, 30, 30);
putimage(225, 0, 224, 225, &wzq, 30, 30);
putimage(0, 225, 225, 224, &wzq, 30, 30);
putimage(225, 225, 224, 224, &wzq, 30, 30);
}
void draw_line() //画线
{
setlinecolor(BLACK);
int x, y;
for ( x = 15; x < 450; x += 30)
{
line(x, 15, x, 435);
}
for ( y = 15; y < 450; y += 30)
{
line(15, y, 435, y);
}
}
void draw_point()//画5个特殊点
{
setfillcolor(BLACK);
fillcircle(4 * 30 - 15, 4 * 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(4 * 30 - 15, 12* 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(8 * 30 - 15, 8 * 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(12 * 30 - 15, 12 * 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(12 * 30 - 15, 4 * 30 - 15, 3);
}
棋盘初始化
初始化棋盘和改变棋子的操作
void initpiece()
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 15; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 15; j++)
piece[i][j] = 0;//0表示该点没有棋子
}
}
int change_piece(int x, int y)//下棋时判断该点能不能下棋,是不是空的
{
if (piece[x][y] == 0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
int draw_piece(int m,int n)//画黑棋
{
setfillcolor(BLACK);
int x, y;
x = fabs(n) / 30 ;
y = fabs(m) / 30 ;
if (change_piece(x, y) == 0)
{
piece[x][y] = -1;
fillcircle(y * 30 + 15, x * 30 + 15, 15);
return 1;
}
return -1;
}
int draw_piece1(int m, int n)//画白棋
{
setfillcolor(WHITE);
int x, y;
x = fabs(n) / 30;
y = fabs(m) / 30;
if (change_piece(x, y) == 0)
{
piece[x][y] = 1;
fillcircle(y * 30 + 15, x * 30 + 15, 15);
return -1;
}
return 1;
}
检测是否获胜
接下来就是基本的检查是否获胜是否五子连棋,这一部分按自己的思路写也可以
int check_five_piece(int x, int y)
{
if (piece[x - 2][y] == piece[x][y] && piece[x - 1][y] == piece[x][y] && piece[x][y] == piece[x + 1][y] && piece[x][y] == piece[x + 2][y] != 0)
return 1;
if (piece[x][y - 2] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x][y - 1] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x][y] == piece[x][y + 1]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x][y + 2] != 0)
return 1;
if (piece[x + 1][y + 1] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x + 2][y + 2] == piece[x][y]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x - 1][y - 1]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x - 2][y - 2] != 0)
return 1;
if (piece[x - 2][y + 2] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x - 1][y + 1] == piece[x][y]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x + 1][y - 1]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x + 2][y - 2] != 0)
return 1;
return 0;
}
int check_over()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < 15; j++)
{
if (piece[i][j] == 0)
continue;
if (check_five_piece(i, j) ==1)
return piece[i][j];
}
return 0;
}
ai判断下棋
基本的功能就完成了
接下来让ai能够智能点下棋
int gobang_rollback(int self, int e)
{
if (self == 5 && e == 2)return 500000;
if (self == 5 && e == 1)return 500000;
if (self == 5 && e == 0)return 500000;
if (self == 4 && e == 2)return 1000;
if (self == 4 && e == 1)return 3000;
if (self == 4 && e == 0)return 50000;
if (self == 3 && e == 2)return 500;
if (self == 3 && e == 1)return 1000;
if (self == 3 && e == 0)return 3000;
if (self == 2 && e == 2)return 100;
if (self == 2 && e == 1)return 200;
if (self == 2 && e == 0)return 500;
if (self == 1 && e == 2)return 30;
if (self == 1 && e == 1)return 50;
if (self == 1 && e == 0)return 100;
return 0;
}//为每种局势赋分
让ai判断棋盘上的情况,横竖撇捺四个方向的情况
int gobang_getHorizontalScore(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = x - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (piece[i][y] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[i][y] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = x + 1; i <15; i++)
{
if (piece[i][y] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[i][y] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self,ai);
}
int gobang_getVercitalScor(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = y - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (piece[x][i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x][i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = y + 1; i < 15; i++)
{
if (piece[x][i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x][i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self,ai);
}
int gobang_getLhtScore(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= x&&i<15-y; i++)
{
if (piece[x - i][y + i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x - i][y + i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i <= y&&i<15-x; i++)
{
if (piece[x + i][y - i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x + i][y - i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self, ai);
}
int gobang_getRhtScore(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= y && i <= x; i++)
{
if (piece[x - i][y - i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x - i][y - i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < 15-y && i < 15 - x; i++)
{
if (piece[x + i][y + i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x + i][y + i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self, ai);
}
ai分析棋盘上各个位置的情况,找出最佳位置
int gobang_getScore(int x,int y)
{
int numH1 = gobang_getHorizontalScore(x, y, -1);
int numH2 = gobang_getHorizontalScore(x, y, 1);
int numV1 = gobang_getVercitalScor(x, y, -1);
int numV2 = gobang_getVercitalScor(x, y, 1);
int numL1 = gobang_getLhtScore(x, y, -1);
int numL2 = gobang_getLhtScore(x, y, 1);
int numR1 = gobang_getRhtScore(x, y, -1);
int numR2 = gobang_getRhtScore(x, y, 1);
int all = numH1 + numH2 + numV1 + numV2 + numL1 + numL2 + numR1 + numR2;
return all;
}
ai做出选择
int ai_choose()
{
int Score = 0;
int a=0, b=0;
for (int x = 0; x < 15; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < 15; y++)
{
if (change_piece(x, y) == 1)
continue;
if (gobang_getScore(x, y) > Score)
{
Score = gobang_getScore(x, y);
a = x;
b = y;
}
}
}
//printf("%d %d\n", a, b);
setfillcolor(WHITE);
piece[a][b] = 1;
fillcircle(b*30+15,a*30+15, 15);
return -1;
}
人机和双人两种模式的选择
选择模式人机or双人
int chose_model()
{
printf("请选择模式:\n");
printf("1 人机对抗\n");
printf("2 双人模式\n");
int model,n=1;
scanf_s("%d",&model);
while (model != 1 && model != 2)
{
printf("请输入1或2,不要乱输\n");
printf("再输一次吧:\n");
scanf_s("%d", &model);
n++;
if (n > 3)
{
printf("??你小汁给我好好输\n");
}
}
return model;
}
人机对战
int ai_human()
{
MOUSEMSG m;
settextcolor(RED);
settextstyle(40, 40, _T("隶书"));
while (1)
{
if (num == -1)
{
m = GetMouseMsg();
if (m.uMsg == 513)
{
num = draw_piece(m.x, m.y);
}
}
else if (num == 1)
{
num = ai_choose();
}
if (check_over() == 1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("白棋胜利"));
system("pause");
return 0;
}
else if (check_over() == -1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("黑棋胜利"));
system("pause");
return 0;
}
}
}
双人对战
int human_human()
{
MOUSEMSG m;
settextcolor(RED);
settextstyle(40, 40, _T("隶书"));
while (1)
{
if (num == -1)
{
m = GetMouseMsg();
if (m.uMsg == 513)
{
num = draw_piece(m.x, m.y);
}
}
else if (num == 1)
{
m = GetMouseMsg();
if (m.uMsg == 513)
{
num = draw_piece1(m.x, m.y);
}
}
if (check_over() == 1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("白棋胜利"));
system("pause");
return 0;
}
else if (check_over() == -1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("黑棋胜利"));
system("pause");
return 0;
}
}
}
main函数
最后,写上main函数
int main()
{
int d;
d=chose_model();
initgraph(450, 450);//定义像素点多少。
loadimage(&wzq, _T("wzq1.jpg"));
putbackground();
draw_line();
draw_point();
initpiece();
if (d == 1)
ai_human();
else if (d == 2)
human_human();
return 0;
}
本程序所用图片背景,大家也可以找一张其他好看的jpg图片,命名为wzq1即可
源码呈上
最后,附上源码。
#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<math.h>
IMAGE wzq;
int num = -1;//-1表示黑子下,1表示白字下。
int piece[15][15];
void putbackground()
{
putimage(0, 0, 225, 225, &wzq, 30, 30);
putimage(225, 0, 224, 225, &wzq, 30, 30);
putimage(0, 225, 225, 224, &wzq, 30, 30);
putimage(225, 225, 224, 224, &wzq, 30, 30);
}
void draw_line() //画线
{
setlinecolor(BLACK);
int x, y;
for ( x = 15; x < 450; x += 30)
{
line(x, 15, x, 435);
}
for ( y = 15; y < 450; y += 30)
{
line(15, y, 435, y);
}
}
void draw_point()//画特殊点
{
setfillcolor(BLACK);
fillcircle(4 * 30 - 15, 4 * 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(4 * 30 - 15, 12* 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(8 * 30 - 15, 8 * 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(12 * 30 - 15, 12 * 30 - 15, 3);
fillcircle(12 * 30 - 15, 4 * 30 - 15, 3);
}
void initpiece()
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 15; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 15; j++)
piece[i][j] = 0;
}
}
int change_piece(int x, int y)
{
if (piece[x][y] == 0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
int check_five_piece(int x, int y)
{
if (piece[x - 2][y] == piece[x][y] && piece[x - 1][y] == piece[x][y] && piece[x][y] == piece[x + 1][y] && piece[x][y] == piece[x + 2][y] != 0)
return 1;
if (piece[x][y - 2] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x][y - 1] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x][y] == piece[x][y + 1]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x][y + 2] != 0)
return 1;
if (piece[x + 1][y + 1] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x + 2][y + 2] == piece[x][y]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x - 1][y - 1]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x - 2][y - 2] != 0)
return 1;
if (piece[x - 2][y + 2] ==piece[x][y]&& piece[x - 1][y + 1] == piece[x][y]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x + 1][y - 1]&&piece[x][y] == piece[x + 2][y - 2] != 0)
return 1;
return 0;
}
int gobang_rollback(int self, int e)
{
if (self == 5 && e == 2)return 500000;
if (self == 5 && e == 1)return 500000;
if (self == 5 && e == 0)return 500000;
if (self == 4 && e == 2)return 1000;
if (self == 4 && e == 1)return 3000;
if (self == 4 && e == 0)return 50000;
if (self == 3 && e == 2)return 500;
if (self == 3 && e == 1)return 1000;
if (self == 3 && e == 0)return 3000;
if (self == 2 && e == 2)return 100;
if (self == 2 && e == 1)return 200;
if (self == 2 && e == 0)return 500;
if (self == 1 && e == 2)return 30;
if (self == 1 && e == 1)return 50;
if (self == 1 && e == 0)return 100;
return 0;
}
int check_over()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < 15; j++)
{
if (piece[i][j] == 0)
continue;
if (check_five_piece(i, j) ==1)
return piece[i][j];
}
return 0;
}
int draw_piece(int m,int n)
{
setfillcolor(BLACK);
int x, y;
x = fabs(n) / 30 ;
y = fabs(m) / 30 ;
if (change_piece(x, y) == 0)
{
piece[x][y] = -1;
fillcircle(y * 30 + 15, x * 30 + 15, 15);
return 1;
}
return -1;
}
int draw_piece1(int m, int n)
{
setfillcolor(WHITE);
int x, y;
x = fabs(n) / 30;
y = fabs(m) / 30;
if (change_piece(x, y) == 0)
{
piece[x][y] = 1;
fillcircle(y * 30 + 15, x * 30 + 15, 15);
return -1;
}
return 1;
}
int gobang_getHorizontalScore(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = x - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (piece[i][y] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[i][y] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = x + 1; i <15; i++)
{
if (piece[i][y] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[i][y] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self,ai);
}
int gobang_getVercitalScor(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = y - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (piece[x][i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x][i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = y + 1; i < 15; i++)
{
if (piece[x][i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x][i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self,ai);
}
int gobang_getLhtScore(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= x&&i<15-y; i++)
{
if (piece[x - i][y + i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x - i][y + i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i <= y&&i<15-x; i++)
{
if (piece[x + i][y - i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x + i][y - i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self, ai);
}
int gobang_getRhtScore(int x,int y,int pieces)
{
int self = 1;
int ai = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= y && i <= x; i++)
{
if (piece[x - i][y - i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x - i][y - i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < 15-y && i < 15 - x; i++)
{
if (piece[x + i][y + i] == pieces)
{
self++;
}
else if (piece[x + i][y + i] == 0)
{
break;
}
else
{
ai++;
break;
}
}
return gobang_rollback(self, ai);
}
int gobang_getScore(int x,int y)
{
int numH1 = gobang_getHorizontalScore(x, y, -1);
int numH2 = gobang_getHorizontalScore(x, y, 1);
int numV1 = gobang_getVercitalScor(x, y, -1);
int numV2 = gobang_getVercitalScor(x, y, 1);
int numL1 = gobang_getLhtScore(x, y, -1);
int numL2 = gobang_getLhtScore(x, y, 1);
int numR1 = gobang_getRhtScore(x, y, -1);
int numR2 = gobang_getRhtScore(x, y, 1);
int all = numH1 + numH2 + numV1 + numV2 + numL1 + numL2 + numR1 + numR2;
return all;
}
int ai_choose()
{
int Score = 0;
int a=0, b=0;
for (int x = 0; x < 15; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < 15; y++)
{
if (change_piece(x, y) == 1)
continue;
if (gobang_getScore(x, y) > Score)
{
Score = gobang_getScore(x, y);
a = x;
b = y;
}
}
}
//printf("%d %d\n", a, b);
setfillcolor(WHITE);
piece[a][b] = 1;
fillcircle(b*30+15,a*30+15, 15);
return -1;
}
int chose_model()
{
printf("请选择模式:\n");
printf("1 人机对抗\n");
printf("2 双人模式\n");
int model,n=1;
scanf_s("%d",&model);
while (model != 1 && model != 2)
{
printf("请输入1或2,不要乱输\n");
printf("再输一次吧:\n");
scanf_s("%d", &model);
n++;
if (n > 3)
{
printf("??你小汁给我好好输\n");
}
}
return model;
}
int ai_human()
{
MOUSEMSG m;
settextcolor(RED);
settextstyle(40, 40, _T("隶书"));
while (1)
{
if (num == -1)
{
m = GetMouseMsg();
if (m.uMsg == 513)
{
num = draw_piece(m.x, m.y);
}
}
else if (num == 1)
{
num = ai_choose();
//printf("%d\n", num);
}
if (check_over() == 1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("白棋胜利"));
/*for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 15; j++)
{
printf("%d", piece[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}*/
system("pause");
return 0;
}
else if (check_over() == -1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("黑棋胜利"));
/*for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 15; j++)
printf("%d", piece[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}*/
system("pause");
return 0;
}
}
}
int human_human()
{
MOUSEMSG m;
settextcolor(RED);
settextstyle(40, 40, _T("隶书"));
while (1)
{
if (num == -1)
{
m = GetMouseMsg();
if (m.uMsg == 513)
{
num = draw_piece(m.x, m.y);
}
}
else if (num == 1)
{
m = GetMouseMsg();
if (m.uMsg == 513)
{
num = draw_piece1(m.x, m.y);
}
}
if (check_over() == 1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("白棋胜利"));
system("pause");
return 0;
}
else if (check_over() == -1)
{
outtextxy(60, 180, _T("游戏结束"));
outtextxy(60, 220, _T("黑棋胜利"));
system("pause");
return 0;
}
}
}
int main()
{
int d;
d=chose_model();
initgraph(450, 450);//定义像素点多少。
loadimage(&wzq, _T("wzq1.jpg"));
putbackground();
draw_line();
draw_point();
initpiece();
if (d == 1)
ai_human();
else if (d == 2)
human_human();
return 0;
}