左移运算符重载

--->可以输出(cout)自定义的数据类型

//左移运算符重载
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
	int m_A;
	int m_B;
};
//把cout和p作为实参后，调用operator<<函数
//cout为标准输出流
ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout,Person& p)//全局函数
{
	cout << "m_A=" << p.m_A <<"m_B=" << p.m_B << endl;
	return cout;
}
//用ostream& 是因为iostream的拷贝构造函数不允许使用
void test01()
{
	Person p;
	p.m_A = 10;
	p.m_B = 20;
	cout << p << endl;//本质为operator(cout,p)-->简化为cout<<p
}
int main()
{
	test01();
	return 0;
}

--->写法2：引用（引用的本质是起别名）

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,Person& p)//全局函数
{
	out << "m_A=" << p.m_A <<"m_B=" << p.m_B << endl;
	return out;
}

传参时相当于ostream& out=cout

--->当数据成员为私有时，可以用友元和构造函数解决

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout, Person& p);//友元，使该函数能够访问数据成员
public:
	Person(int a, int b)//构造函数，方便传入参数
	{
		m_A = a;
		m_B = b;
	}
private:
	int m_A;
	int m_B;
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout, Person& p)//重载左移运算符
{
	cout << "m_A=" << p.m_A << "m_B=" << p.m_B << endl;
	return cout;
}
void test02()
{
	Person p(10, 89);
	cout << p << endl;
}
int main()
{
	test02();
	return 0;
}