友元(friend)

--->让一个函数或者类访问另一个类中的私有成员

一.全局函数做友元

//全局函数作友元
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Building
{
	//友元，必须写在public下面，否则会被默认为私有
public:
    friend void GoodGay02(Building* building);
	Building()//构造函数
	{
		m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
		m_BedRoom = "卧室";
	}
public:
	string m_SittingRoom;
private:
	string m_BedRoom;
};
void GoodGay01(Building* building)//访问公共成员
{
	cout << "正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
}
void GoodGay02(Building* building)//访问私有成员
{
	cout << "正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	Building building;
	GoodGay01(&building);
	GoodGay02(&building);
}
int main()
{
	test01();
	return 0;
}

二.类做友元

​
//类作友元
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
	GoodGay()//构造函数
	{
		building = new Building;//building为内部指针，用new在堆区创建一个对象，会返回Building类型的指针
	}
	void visit();//参观函数
private:
	Building* building;//Building类型的指针
};
void GoodGay::visit()
{
	cout << "正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;//公共
	cout << "正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;//私有
}
class Building
{
	friend class GoodGay;
public:
	Building()//构造函数
	{
		this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
		this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
	}
public:
	string m_SittingRoom;
private:
	string m_BedRoom;
};
void test01()
{
	GoodGay gg;
	gg.visit();
}
int main()
{
	test01();
	return 0;
}

​

三.成员函数做友元

//成员函数作友元
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
	GoodGay();
	void visit();//可以访问Building中的私有成员
private:
	Building* building;
};
class Building
{
public:
	friend void GoodGay::visit();
	Building();
public:
	string m_SittingRoom;
private:
	string m_BedRoom;
};
Building::Building()
{
	this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
	this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
	building = new Building;//在堆区创建对象
}
void GoodGay::visit()//类外实现成员函数
{
	cout << "正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
	cout << "正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	GoodGay gg;
	gg.visit();
}
int main()
{
	test01();
	return 0;
}

注意:

1.Building类中会先介绍自己的朋友，所以朋友类要优先于Building类，但是朋友类中又维护了一个私有变量Building* building，所以要先声明Building类

2.所有函数的定义都要写在类外，并且要在Building类和GoodGay类的下面，否则无法运行！！！！！