离散数学及其应用
---No Notion笔记
CHAPTER 10 Graphs
10.1 Introduction to Graphs 图的概述
Types of Graphs 图的种类
Undirected Graphs 无向图
simple graphs 简单图
Multi-graph 多重图
Pseudo-graph 伪图
Definition 1 Simple Graph
A simple Graph G=(V,E) consists of vertices
,V,and edges, E,connecting distinct elements of V.
简单图G=(V,E) 是由非空顶点集V和边集E所组成的,V的不同元素的无需对称称为边
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no loops
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can`t have multiple edges joining vertices 两个顶点间最多有一条边
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A multi-graph allows multiple edges for tow vertices.
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A pseudo-graph is a multi-graph which permits loops.伪图是可以存在环的多重图
各种无向图之间的关系
简单图包含于多重图,多重图包含于伪图
Definition 2 (Directed Graph)
In a directed graph G=(V,E) the edges are ordered pairs(有序对) of
(not necessarily distinct) vertices.
有向图G=(V,E)是由非空顶点集、边集E所组成的,边V中元素的有序对。允许有环,但不允许有相同的多重边。
In a directed multi-graph G=(V,E) the edges are ordered pairs of (not necessarily distinct) vertices, and in addition there may be multiple edges .
有向多重图可能存在多重边
Graph Models 图模型
铁路模型(无向图) 循环赛制竞标赛模型(有向图)