多态的应用

多态与数组的结合：多态数组

父类建立一个数组，存储父类和子类的属性信息。

这里是父类Person,两个属性，一个say方法，用于返回属性信息。

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String say(){
 return name+ " "+age;
}
 }

下面是两个子类，重写了say方法，并该有自己的特有方法

public class Student extends Person{
    private double score;

    public Student(String name, int age, double score) {
        super(name, age);
        this.score = score;
    }

    public double getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(double score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    @Override
    public String say() {
        return super.say()+ this.score;
    }
public void study(){
    System.out.println("学生学习"+getName());
}
}

        

public class Teacher extends Person{
    private double salary;

    public Teacher(String name, int age, double salary) {
        super(name, age);
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    @Override
    public String say() {
        return super.say() +this.salary;
    }
    public void teach(){
        System.out.println("老师教学"+getName());
    }
}

public class ployArr {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
       Person persons[]=new Person[5];//建立一个索引为5的数组，Person类的数组。指向所有子类
       persons[0]=new Person("赵刚",21);
       persons[1]=new Student("小张",12,78);
       persons[2]=new Teacher("小李",23,5000);
       persons[3]=new Student("小黑",23,12);
       persons[4]=new Person("小白",23);
//子类进行初始化并存储在数组中。
       for (int i=0;i<persons.length;i++){//循环数组
           System.out.println(  persons[i].say());//调用子类重写的say方法并输出
       if (persons[i] instanceof Student){//这里是为了调用子类特有的方法，instanceof判断是不是
        Student类或Student的子类
          // Student student=(Student)persons[i];//向下转型
           ((Student) persons[i]).study();
       } else if (persons[i]instanceof Teacher) {//这里是判断是否是Teacher类或其子类
           ((Teacher) persons[i]).teach();//
       }else if(persons[i]instanceof Person){//如果是Person类则不做处理

       }else {
           System.out.println("方法有误");
       }