HCIA静态路由综合实验

1、基于192.168.1.0 /24 子网划分

思路：R1-R4需要四个网段---每个网段在划分2个网段

骨干链路1个网段 再从一个网段中划分6个网段

1. 192.168.1.0 /24先划分5个网段

骨干链路：192.168.1.0. 27 在划分6个，借三位 27+3 = 30

192.168.1.0 30

192.168.1.4 30

129.168.1.8 30

192.168.1.12 30

192.168.1.16 30

192.168.1.20 30

R1环回192.168.1.32 27

192.168.1.32 28        192.168.1.48 28

R2环回192.168.1.64 27

192.168.1.64 28        192.168.1.80 28

R3环回192.168.1.96 27

192.168.1.96 28        192.168.1.112 28

R4环回192.168.1.128 27

192.168.1.128 28        192.168.1.144 28

子网划分 子网划分极限 30，当划分到30时每个网段只有2个可用的ip地址

2、配置ip

R1

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysn    
[Huawei]sysname R1 
[R1]interface g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad    
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30
Oct 13 2023 20:35:12-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30
Oct 13 2023 21:19:15-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip ad    
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack0]q
[R1]int LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28
[R1-LoopBack1]q

R2

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
Oct 13 2023 20:37:27-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30
Oct 13 2023 20:37:47-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R2]int LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]q   
[R2]int LoopBack 1   
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.80 28
Error: The specified IP address is invalid.
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28
[R2-LoopBack1]q

R3

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R3
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
Oct 13 2023 20:41:06-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30
Oct 13 2023 20:45:11-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.97 27
Oct 13 2023 22:11:32-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[5]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R3]int LoopBack 0  
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 28
[R3-LoopBack0]q
[R3]int LoopBack 1 
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.113 28
[R3-LoopBack1]q

R4

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R4

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
Oct 13 2023 20:42:54-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R4]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30
Oct 13 2023 20:45:22-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

[R4]int g0/0/2 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
Oct 13 2023 20:54:44-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R4]int g4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30
Oct 13 2023 20:55:00-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R4]int LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]int LoopBack 1   
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28
[R4-LoopBack1]q

R5

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R5

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.28 30
Oct 13 2023 20:56:43-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.22 30
Oct 13 2023 20:57:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

[R5]int g0/0/2 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 12.0.0.1 24
Oct 13 2023 21:00:34-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[4]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[R5]int lo    
[R5]int LoopBack 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 27
[R5-LoopBack0]q

R6

3.开启DHCP服务

<R3>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R3]dhcp enable 
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[R3]ip pool a
Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R3-ip-pool-a]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27   
[R3-ip-pool-a]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[R3-ip-pool-a]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[R3-ip-pool-a]int g0/0/0  
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

结果

为简化实验，先关闭百兆接口

 4、手写路由，写缺省路由，注意负载均衡

5.NAT(一对多)

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 200

6、避免环路，需要在R1、R2、R4配置空接口

7、R4与R5正常通过1000M链R路，故障时通过100M链路

开启百兆接口，将百兆接口的优先级修改为61

8、R6telnetR5的公有Ip地址时，实际登陆到R1上