1: ip划分
已知整个网络有14个广播域,所以对IP进行借4位划分为16个网段
192.168.1.0/24——>192.168.1.0/28
11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000 192.168.1.0 1.1-1.14
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 00010000 192.168.1.0 1.17-1.30
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 00100000 192.168.1.0 1.33-1.46
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 00110000 192.168.1.0 1.49-1.62
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 01000000 192.168.1.0 1.65-1.78
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 01010000 192.168.1.0 1.81-1.94
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 01100000 192.168.1.0 1.97-1.110
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 01110000 192.168.1.0 1.113-1.126
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 10000000 192.168.1.0 1.129-1.142
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 10010000 192.168.1.0 1.145-1.158
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 10100000 192.168.1.0 1.161-1.174
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 10110000 192.168.1.0 1.177-1.190
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 11000000 192.168.1.0 1.193-1.206
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 11010000 192.168.1.0 1.209-1.222
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 11100000 192.168.1.0 1.225-1.238
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
11000000 10101000 00000001 11110000 192.168.1.0 1.241-1.254
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000 255.255.255.240
2.配置路由器各参数如下
环回地址配置命令:
[r1]int LoopBack 1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
R1-R4皆配置正常 唯独R5环回地址5.5.5.0/24报错
[r5-LoopBack2]ip add 5.5.5.0 24
Error: The specified IP address is invalid.
各路由器配置结果如下:(已完成全网可达)
此时进行减少路由条目,以R1为例
将192.168.1.96/28和192.168.1.112/28进行手工汇总
11000000 10101000 00000001 01100000
11000000 10101000 00000001 01110000
汇总为
11000000 10101000 00000001 011 00000即192.168.1.96/27即表示没有黑洞(规避主动黑洞)
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[r3]ping 192.168.1.97
PING 192.168.1.97: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms
--- 192.168.1.97 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/22/30 ms
3.R4与R5之间千兆接口故障改用百兆接口
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.224 28 192.168.1.82 preference 61
此时若千兆接口未断开,则路由表不显示百兆接口 若断开 则百兆接口被路由表采用