面向对象

封装 

package com.ClassandObject;

public class Person {
    //封：给属性和方法设定权限，其他类中便不能直接使用
    //定义属性
    public String name;
    public int age;
    public int id;
    protected String gender;

    //静态属性
    static int number;

    //使用静态属性来间接访问被private修饰的成员
    static Person person2 = new Person("美玲",18,1,"女");//Expected 4 arguments but found 0

    //构造方法

    public Person(String name, int age, int id, String gender) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.id = id;
        this.gender = gender;
    }


    //给属性赋值
    //定义方法


    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        if (age < 0) {
            System.err.println("输入年龄有误");
        }
        this.age=age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
}

class Main{
    //静态方法
    static void staticMethod(){
        System.out.println("静态方法");
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person person = new Person("美玲",18,1,"女");
        System.out.println();
         //person.setName("美玲");
        // person.setAge(18);
        System.out.println(person.getName());
        System.out.println(person.getAge());

        Person.number = 100;
        System.out.println(Person.number);
        person.number = 200;
        System.out.println(person.number);
        Person person1 = new Person("美玲",18,1,"女");
        person1.number = 500;
        Person.number=100;
        person.number=300;

        System.out.println(person1.number);
        System.out.println(Person.number);
        System.out.println(person.number);
        //静态属性与静态方法都是可以由类直接调用，当然，对象也可以直接调用
        Main.staticMethod();
        //person.staticMethod();Cannot resolve method 'staticMethod' in 'Person'
        //静态方法只能由类调用

        //person.id = 1;'id' has private access in 'com.ClassandObject.Person'
        //private 修饰的成员只能在本类中被访问 即不能在其他类中被访问
        Person person3 = Person.person2;
        person3.id=1;
        System.out.println(person3.id);


    }

}

单例模式

package com.ClassandObject;

public class King {
    String name;

    private King(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    static King king1 = new King("乾隆");

    public void Method1 (){
        System.out.println(name+"国王执行方法1");
    }
    public void Method2 (){
        System.out.println("国王执行方法2");
    }
    public void Method3 (){
        System.out.println(name+"国王执行方法3");
    }
}
class main{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //King king = new King("乾隆");
        King king = King.king1;//Non-static field 'king1' cannot be referenced from a static context
        king.Method1();
        king.Method2();
        king.Method3();
    }
}