from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import re
import openpyxl
import time
def get_data():
wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
sheet = wb.active
sheet.append(['中文标题', '英文标题', '发行时间', '电影评分', '评价人数','影片详细链接','图片链接','影片概况','导演名称'])
wb.save('data.xlsx')
for m in range(0,10):
print(f'正在爬取第{m+1}页内容')
nus=m*25
URL=f"https://movie.douban.com/top250?start={nus}&filter="#这里的网址并未变化-第一页网址
Headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; an-ES; rv:1.9.0.20) Gecko/9663-05-06 15:44:33 Firefox/3.8'}
response = requests.get(url=URL, headers=Headers)
if response.status_code!=200:
print(f"爬取失败,状态码是{response.status_code}")
else:
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup=BeautifulSoup(response.text,'html.parser')
label_numbers=soup.select('#content>div>div.article>ol>li')
for label_number in range(1,len(label_numbers)+1):
a1234=f'#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child({label_number}) '
#中文标题
label1=soup.select(a1234+'> div > div.info > div.hd > a > span:nth-child(1)')
#英文标题
label2 = soup.select(a1234+ f'> div > div.info > div.hd > a > span:nth-child(2)')
english_label=label2[0].text.replace("/", "").strip()
#导演,主演,发行时间,发行地区,剧情归属标签需要二次处理#发行时间很好切出来,其他的没法切
label4 = soup.select(a1234+'> div > div.info > div.bd > p:nth-child(1)')
# 发行时间
start_time=re.findall(r'\d{4}',label4[0].text)
#电影评分
label5 = soup.select(f'#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child({label_number}) > div > div.info > div.bd > div > span.rating_num')
#评价人数
label6 = soup.select(f'#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child({label_number}) > div > div.info > div.bd > div > span:nth-child(4)')
man_number=label6[0].text.rstrip('人评价')
#影片详细链接
label7 = soup.select(f'#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child({label_number}) > div > div.info > div.hd > a')
#图片链接
label8 = soup.select(f'#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child({label_number}) > div > div.pic > a > img')
#详细内容
label10 = soup.select(
f'#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child({label_number}) > div > div.info > div.bd > p:nth-child(1)')
#对详细内容进行清洗,筛选出导演中文名
pattern = r'导演: ([\u4e00-\u9fa5]+)'
directors = re.findall(pattern, label10[0].text)
if directors==[]:
director='空'
else:
director=directors[0]
# #写入元素
write_excel(label1[0].text,english_label,
start_time[0],label5[0].text,man_number
,label7[0]['href'],label8[0]['src'],label10[0].text,director)
time.sleep(1)
def write_excel(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i):
wb=openpyxl.load_workbook('data.xlsx')
sheet=wb.active
sheet.append([a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i])
wb.save('data.xlsx')
if __name__ == '__main__':
get_data()
import openpyxl
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
wb=openpyxl.load_workbook('data.xlsx')
worksheet = wb.active
max_row = worksheet.max_row
def get_max_column_with_data(worksheet):#获取excel中最大列数
max_column = 0
for col in worksheet.columns:
if any(cell.value for cell in col):
max_column = col[0].column
return max_column
max_column = get_max_column_with_data(worksheet)#获取excel中最大行数
dates=[]
scores=worksheet['D']
for score in scores:
dates.append(score.value)
dates.remove(dates[0])
dotes=[]
for datrs in dates:
dotes.append(float(datrs))
rows_to_delete = []
for row in worksheet.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_row=251, min_col=1, max_col=9):
for cell in row:
if cell.value == '空':
rows_to_delete.append(cell.row)
break
for row_number in reversed(rows_to_delete):
worksheet.delete_rows(row_number)
wb.save('clean.xlsx')
df1=pd.read_excel("clean.xlsx",sheet_name='Sheet',usecols=[0,2,3,4])
print(' 数据的最大值最小值平均数方差记录数等')
print(df1.describe())
print('经过爬行策略知,当‘导演’为则填入‘空’,删除excel中有‘空’的横行')
print('保存为clean.xlsx')
print('数据的空值显示')
print(df1.isnull().sum())
class MyClass:
def __init__(self):
self.value = 0
def turtle1(self):
#柱形图1
print('此图的意义是阐明前十部电影的评分情况以及前十名每个电影的评分')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
df = pd.read_excel('clean.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet')
mq=df.head(11)
x = mq['中文标题']
y = mq['电影评分']
plt.figure(figsize=(10,3), dpi=150)
plt.title('top250前十电影评分202209423')
plt.xlabel('中文标题')
plt.ylabel('电影评分')
plt.bar(x, y, width=0.6)
for a, b in zip(x, y):
plt.text(x=a, y=b, s=b, color='black',fontsize=8, ha='center')
plt.xticks(range(len(x))[::2])
plt.legend(['top250评分202209423'])
plt.show()
def turtle2(self):
#柱形图2
print('此图的意义是阐明四名导演各自作品的数量')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
x = ['陈凯歌','宫崎骏','克里斯托夫','加布里尔']
y = [1,8,1,1]
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 3), dpi=150)
plt.title('202209423导演和作品数量')
plt.xlabel('导演')
plt.ylabel('数量')
plt.bar(x, y, width=0.6)
for a, b in zip(x, y):
plt.text(x=a, y=b, s=b, color='black', fontsize=6, ha='center')
plt.xticks(range(len(x)))
plt.legend(['导演—数量202209423'])
plt.show()
def turtle3(self):
# #趋势图
print('此图的意义是通过图形的模式阐明前十名的评分')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
df = pd.read_excel('clean.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet')
mq=df.head(10)
x = mq['中文标题']
y = mq['电影评分']
plt.figure(figsize=(5, 3), dpi=150)
plt.title('202209423前十的电影评分')
plt.stackplot(x, y)
plt.xticks([])
cellText = mq[['中文标题']].T.values.tolist()
rowLabels = ['中文标题']
colLabels = mq['电影评分'].values.tolist()
plt.table(cellText=cellText, rowLabels=rowLabels, colLabels=colLabels)
plt.show()
def turtle4(self):
# 饼图
print('此图的意义是阐明前十个电影的各自的得分占前十个电影的评分情况')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
df = pd.read_excel('clean.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet')
plt.figure(figsize=(5, 3), dpi=150)
mq = df.head(10)
plt.pie(x=mq['电影评分'], autopct='%.1f%%', labels=mq['中文标题'])
plt.title('202209423zxh前十名对应评分占比情况')
plt.show()
def turtle5(self):
print('此图的含义是通过散点阐明前十个电影的评分差距')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
df = pd.read_excel('clean.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet')
mq=df.head(8)
x = mq['中文标题']
y = mq['电影评分']
plt.figure(figsize=(5, 3), dpi=150)
plt.xlabel('中文标题')
plt.ylabel('电影评分')
plt.xticks(fontsize=6)
plt.scatter(x, y)
for a, b in zip(x, y):
plt.text(x=a, y=b, s=b, color='black', fontsize=8, ha='center')
plt.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
my_instance = MyClass()
my_instance.turtle1()
my_instance.turtle2()
my_instance.turtle3()
my_instance.turtle4()
my_instance.turtle5()