静态路由的实验报告册

一丶实验要求

1.除了R5的环回地址固定5.5.5.0/24，其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分；

2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，模拟PC，地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内；

3.R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问；

4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量，避免环路；

5.R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M；

二：实验操作

1. 首先将192.168.1.0000 0000/24进行划分

首先 5个路由器之间线联通 需要6个子网，又环回需要8个子网 一共需要14个子网

故，向主机位借4位192.168.1.0/24划分为5个大网段

192.168.1.0000 0000-----192.168.1.0/27-----6条骨干链路

那么环回再向后借一位，如下图所示

2丶进行主机设置

[R1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit.

[R2]int g0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R2]int g0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R3]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R3]int g0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30

[R4]int g0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.14 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R4]int g0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.10 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R5]int g0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R5]int g0/0/1

[[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.22 30

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

3丶开始进行环回的配置

[R1]int l0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28

[R1]int l1

[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28

[R2]int l0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28

[R2]int loopback1

[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

[R3]int l0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28

[R3]int l1

[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28

补充：[R4]int g0/0/2

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30

[R4]int g4/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30

[R4]int l0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28

[R4]int l1

[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28

[R5]int l0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 24

4丶开始进行静态路由配置

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 198.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 198.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 198.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

第一次少三个后面补上算成功吧...

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.162.1.5

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

漏掉一个后面补上，静态路由全部配完因为ping 5.5.5.5 0无法成功

5丶所以所有路由器加入一条缺省路由

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

因为有汇总，所以要防环，输入防环指令

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96  27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

因为R4和R5双线连接，可以让上线优先高，下线优先级低，当上线障碍，下线可以备用

下线优先级降低，因为基础等级为60，将上线优先级改为61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30  192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27  192.168.1.21 preference 6

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 6

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61

最后全部用save保存

6丶测试实验

输入tracert指令，在各个路由器跟踪 5.5.5.5ip查看

关上接口再进行实验如下

[R4]int g4/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]shutdown

之后的各个路由器的最后一跳均为1.18

至此，实验结束