实例：2013-2019财年某电商平台的GMV

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
x = np.arange(1,8)
y = np.array([10770,16780,24440,30920,37670,48200,57270])
#绘制柱形图
bar_rects = plt.bar(x,y,tick_label=["FY2013","FY2014","FY2015","FY2016","FY2017","FY2018","FY2019"],width=0.5)
#添加无指向型注释文本
def autolabel(rects):
    """在每个矩形条的上方附加一个文本标签，以显示其高度"""
    for rect in rects:
        height =rect.get_height()   #获取每个矩形条的高度
        plt.text(rect.get_x()+rect.get_width()/2,height+300,
                 s='{}'.format(height),
                 ha='center',va='bottom')
autolabel(bar_rects)
plt.ylabel('GMV(亿元)')
plt.show()