*/
public void scheduleVsync() {
if (mReceiverPtr == 0) {
Log.w(TAG, "Attempted to schedule a vertical sync pulse but the display event "
- “receiver has already been disposed.”);
} else {
nativeScheduleVsync(mReceiverPtr);
}
}
注意：这里的注释说的很清楚了，当下一帧来临时准备一个要分发的垂直同步信号，啥意思呢？简单来说就是当调用了nativeScheduleVsync方法时，当屏幕需要刷新的时候，也就是每隔16.6ms会通过native的looper分发到java层，从而调用java的方法，那是哪个方法呢？
// Called from native code.
@SuppressWarnings(“unused”)
private void dispatchVsync(long timestampNanos, int builtInDisplayId, int frame) {
onVsync(timestampNanos, builtInDisplayId, frame);
}
很明显是此方法
举个例子，比如屏幕显示的是第一帧，你在第一帧调用invalidate，其实并不是立即刷新的，而是在一帧会去注册一个Vsync(前提是这一帧cpu空闲情况下)，当下一帧来临时也就是第二帧的时候会调用dispatchVsync此方法，当然这是一种比较简单的情况，复杂的等会说
那么来看一下调用的onVsync方法
public void onVsync(long timestampNanos, int builtInDisplayId, int frame) {
// Ignore vsync from secondary display.
// This can be problematic because the call to scheduleVsync() is a one-shot.
// We need to ensure that we will still receive the vsync from the primary
// display which is the one we really care about. Ideally we should schedule
// vsync for a particular display.
// At this time Surface Flinger won’t send us vsyncs for secondary displays
// but that could change in the future so let’s log a message to help us remember
// that we need to fix this.
if (builtInDisplayId != SurfaceControl.BUILT_IN_DISPLAY_ID_MAIN) {
Log.d(TAG, "Received vsync from secondary display, but we don’t support "
-
"this case yet. Choreographer needs a way to explicitly request "
-
"vsync for a specific display to ensure it doesn’t lose track "
-
“of its scheduled vsync.”);
scheduleVsync();
return;
}
// Post the vsync event to the Handler.
// The idea is to prevent incoming vsync events from completely starving
// the message queue. If there are no messages in the queue with timestamps
// earlier than the frame time, then the vsync event will be processed immediately.
// Otherwise, messages that predate the vsync event will be handled first.
long now = System.nanoTime();
if (timestampNanos > now) {
Log.w(TAG, "Frame time is " + ((timestampNanos - now) * 0.000001f)
-
" ms in the future! Check that graphics HAL is generating vsync "
-
“timestamps using the correct timebase.”);
timestampNanos = now;
}
if (mHavePendingVsync) {
Log.w(TAG, "Already have a pending vsync event. There should only be "
- “one at a time.”);
} else {
mHavePendingVsync = true;
}
mTimestampNanos = timestampNanos;
mFrame = frame;
Message msg = Message.obtain(mHandler, this);
msg.setAsynchronous(true);
mHandler.sendMessageAtTime(msg, timestampNanos / TimeUtils.NANOS_PER_MS);
}
注意看下timestampNanos的参数（简单来说就是从调用native方法以后到回调到这个方法所经过的的时间）
接着看会发送一条异步消息，简单来说就是此消息在消息队列中不用排队，可以最先被取出来，很明显，会调用下面的run方法进行处
@Override
public void run() {
mHavePendingVsync = false;
doFrame(mTimestampNanos, mFrame);
}
这里调用的doframe方法
void doFrame(long frameTimeNanos, int frame) {
final long startNanos;
synchronized (mLock) {
if (!mFrameScheduled) {
return; // no work to do
}
if (DEBUG_JANK && mDebugPrintNextFrameTimeDelta) {
mDebugPrintNextFrameTimeDelta = false;
Log.d(TAG, "Frame time delta: "
- ((frameTimeNanos - mLastFrameTimeNanos) * 0.000001f) + " ms");
}
long intendedFrameTimeNanos = frameTimeNanos;
startNanos = System.nanoTime();
final long jitterNanos = startNanos - frameTimeNanos;
if (jitterNanos >= mFrameIntervalNanos) {
final long skippedFrames = jitterNanos / mFrameIntervalNanos;
if (skippedFrames >= SKIPPED_FRAME_WARNING_LIMIT) {
Log.i(TAG, "Skipped " + skippedFrames + " frames! "
- “The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.”);
}
final long lastFrameOffset = jitterNanos % mFrameIntervalNanos;
if (DEBUG_JANK) {
Log.d(TAG, "Missed vsync by " + (jitterNanos * 0.000001f) + " ms "
-
"which is more than the frame interval of "
-
(mFrameIntervalNanos * 0.000001f) + " ms! "
-
"Skipping " + skippedFrames + " frames and setting frame "
-
“time to " + (lastFrameOffset * 0.000001f) + " ms in the past.”);
}
frameTimeNanos = startNanos - lastFrameOffset;
}
if (frameTimeNanos < mLastFrameTimeNanos) {
if (DEBUG_JANK) {
Log.d(TAG, "Frame time appears to be going backwards. May be due to a "
- “previously skipped frame. Waiting for next vsync.”);
}
scheduleVsyncLocked();
return;
}
if (mFPSDivisor > 1) {
long timeSinceVsync = frameTimeNanos - mLastFrameTimeNanos;
if (timeSinceVsync < (mFrameIntervalNanos * mFPSDivisor) && timeSinceVsync > 0) {
scheduleVsyncLocked();
return;
}
}
mFrameInfo.setVsync(intendedFrameTimeNanos, frameTimeNanos);
mFrameScheduled = false;
mLastFrameTimeNanos = frameTimeNanos;
}
try {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, “Choreographer#doFrame”);
AnimationUtils.lockAnimationClock(frameTimeNanos / TimeUtils.NANOS_PER_MS);
mFrameInfo.markInputHandlingStart();
doCallbacks(Choreographer.CALLBACK_INPUT, frameTimeNanos);
mFrameInfo.markAnimationsStart();
doCallbacks(Choreographer.CALLBACK_ANIMATION, frameTimeNanos);
mFrameInfo.markPerformTraversalsStart();
doCallbacks(Choreographer.CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL, frameTimeNanos);
doCallbacks(Choreographer.CALLBACK_COMMIT, frameTimeNanos);
} finally {
AnimationUtils.unlockAnimationClock();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
}
if (DEBUG_FRAMES) {
final long endNanos = System.nanoTime();
Log.d(TAG, "Frame " + frame + ": Finished, took "
-
(endNanos - startNanos) * 0.000001f + " ms, latency "
-
(startNanos - frameTimeNanos) * 0.000001f + " ms.");
}
}
有几个重点的地方要说下，我们开发时偶尔在log上会看到Skipped " + skippedFrames + " frames! "
+ "The application may be doing too much work on its main thread."这句话，很多人以为出现这句话是因为ui线程太耗时了，其实仔细想想就知道是错的，因为在回掉这方法的时候根本没有执行到
测量，绘制等，它的两个时间对比的是回掉到此帧的时间frameTimeNanos和当前的时间，如果大于16.66ms就会打印这句话，那就是说执行native方法到onFrame回掉超过16.66ms，而onFrame回掉是通过异步消息，可以忽略不计，那唯一可能出现的情况就是通过handler后执行dispatchVsync方法，与执行native方法的耗时，也就是说此时会有多个message，而执行dispatchVsync方法的message是排在比较后面的，这也解释了这句log：he application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
所以这句话并不能判断是ui卡顿了，只能说明有很多message，要减少不必要的message才是优化的根本。
而frameTimeNanos = startNanos - lastFrameOffset;简单来说就是给vsnc设置帧数的偏移量
那又是啥意思呢？
比如我在第一帧发起了重绘制，按理来说第二帧就会收到Vsync的信号值，但是由于message阻塞了超过了16.66，所以收到Vsync的信号自然延续要了第三帧。
在了解这句话以后，接下来就是回调绘制，或者input事件了，可以看到代码会间接调用doCallbacks
void doCallbacks(int callbackType, long frameTimeNanos) {
CallbackRecord callbacks;
synchronized (mLock) {
// We use “now” to determine when callbacks become due because it’s possible
// for earlier processing phases in a frame to post callbacks that should run
// in a following phase, such as an input event that causes an animation to start.
final long now = System.nanoTime();
callbacks = mCallbackQueues[callbackType].extractDueCallbacksLocked(
now / TimeUtils.NANOS_PER_MS);
if (callbacks == null) {
return;
}
mCallbacksRunning = true;
// Update the frame time if necessary when committing the frame.
// We only update the frame time if we are more than 2 frames late reaching
// the commit phase. This ensures that the frame time which is observed by the
// callbacks will always increase from one frame to the next and never repeat.
// We never want the next frame’s starting frame time to end up being less than
// or equal to the previous frame’s commit frame time. Keep in mind that the
// next frame has most likely already been scheduled by now so we play it
// safe by ensuring the commit time is always at least one frame behind.
if (callbackType == Choreographer.CALLBACK_COMMIT) {
final long jitterNanos = now - frameTimeNanos;
Trace.traceCounter(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, “jitterNanos”, (int) jitterNanos);
if (jitterNanos >= 2 * mFrameIntervalNanos) {
final long lastFrameOffset = jitterNanos % mFrameIntervalNanos
- mFrameIntervalNanos;
if (DEBUG_JANK) {
Log.d(TAG, "Commit callback delayed by " + (jitterNanos * 0.000001f)
-
" ms which is more than twice the frame interval of "
-
(mFrameIntervalNanos * 0.000001f) + " ms! "
-
"Setting frame time to " + (lastFrameOffset * 0.000001f)
-
" ms in the past.");
mDebugPrintNextFrameTimeDelta = true;
}
frameTimeNanos = now - lastFrameOffset;
mLastFrameTimeNanos = frameTimeNanos;
}
}
}
try {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, CALLBACK_TRACE_TITLES[callbackType]);
for (CallbackRecord c = callbacks; c != null; c = c.next) {
if (DEBUG_FRAMES) {
Log.d(TAG, “RunCallback: type=” + callbackType
-
“, action=” + c.action + “, token=” + c.token
-
“, latencyMillis=” + (SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - c.dueTime));
}
c.run(frameTimeNanos);
}
} finally {
synchronized (mLock) {
mCallbacksRunning = false;
do {
final CallbackRecord next = callbacks.next;
recycleCallbackLocked(callbacks);
callbacks = next;
} while (callbacks != null);
}
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
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