使用scrapy框架爬取桌面背景图片，牛笔了

def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):

Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method

(from other spider middleware) raises an exception.

Should return either None or an iterable of Response, dict

or Item objects.

pass

def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):

Called with the start requests of the spider, and works

similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except

that it doesn’t have a response associated.

Must return only requests (not items).

for r in start_requests:

yield r

def spider_opened(self, spider):

spider.logger.info(‘Spider opened: %s’ % spider.name)

class Zol2DownloaderMiddleware(object):

Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,

scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the

passed objects.

@classmethod

def from_crawler(cls, crawler):

This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.

s = cls()

crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)

return s

def process_request(self, request, spider):

Called for each request that goes through the downloader

middleware.

Must either:

- return None: continue processing this request

- or return a Response object

- or return a Request object

- or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of

installed downloader middleware will be called

return None

def process_response(self, request, response, spider):

Called with the response returned from the downloader.

Must either;

- return a Response object

- return a Request object

- or raise IgnoreRequest

return response

def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):

Called when a download handler or a process_request()

(from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.

Must either:

- return None: continue processing this exception

- return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain

- return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain

pass

def spider_opened(self, spider):

spider.logger.info(‘Spider opened: %s’ % spider.name)

settings.py

-- coding: utf-8 --

Scrapy settings for zol2 project

For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or

commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = ‘zol2’

SPIDER_MODULES = [‘zol2.spiders’]

NEWSPIDER_MODULE = ‘zol2.spiders’

Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent

USER_AGENT = ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.75 Safari/537.36’

Obey robots.txt rules

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay

See also autothrottle settings and docs

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0.5

The download delay setting will honor only one of:

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

Disable cookies (enabled by default)

#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)

#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

Override the default request headers:

#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {

‘Accept’: ‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,/;q=0.8’,

‘Accept-Language’: ‘en’,

#}

Enable or disable spider middlewares

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {

‘zol2.middlewares.Zol2SpiderMiddleware’: 543,

#}

Enable or disable downloader middlewares

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {

‘zol2.middlewares.Zol2DownloaderMiddleware’: 543,

#}

Enable or disable extensions

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html

#EXTENSIONS = {

‘scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole’: None,

#}

Configure item pipelines

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

‘zol2.pipelines.Zol2Pipeline’: 300,

}

IMAGES_STORE = “/home/pyvip/env_spider/zol2/zol2/images”

Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html

#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True

The initial download delay

#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5

The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies

#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60

The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to

each remote server

#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0

Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:

#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings

#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True

#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0

#HTTPCACHE_DIR = ‘httpcache’

#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []

#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = ‘scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage’

pazol2.py

-- coding: utf-8 --

import scrapy

from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor

from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule

from zol2.items import Zol2Item

class Pazol2Spider(CrawlSpider):

name = ‘pazol2’

allowed_domains = [‘desk.zol.com.cn’]

自我介绍一下，小编13年上海交大毕业，曾经在小公司待过，也去过华为、OPPO等大厂，18年进入阿里一直到现在。

深知大多数Python工程师，想要提升技能，往往是自己摸索成长或者是报班学习，但对于培训机构动则几千的学费，着实压力不小。自己不成体系的自学效果低效又漫长，而且极易碰到天花板技术停滞不前！

因此收集整理了一份《2024年Python开发全套学习资料》，初衷也很简单，就是希望能够帮助到想自学提升又不知道该从何学起的朋友，同时减轻大家的负担。

既有适合小白学习的零基础资料，也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程，基本涵盖了95%以上Python开发知识点，真正体系化！

由于文件比较大，这里只是将部分目录大纲截图出来，每个节点里面都包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、讲解视频，并且后续会持续更新

如果你觉得这些内容对你有帮助，可以添加V获取：vip1024c （备注Python）

一、Python所有方向的学习路线

Python所有方向路线就是把Python常用的技术点做整理，形成各个领域的知识点汇总，它的用处就在于，你可以按照上面的知识点去找对应的学习资源，保证自己学得较为全面。

二、学习软件

工欲善其事必先利其器。学习Python常用的开发软件都在这里了，给大家节省了很多时间。

三、入门学习视频

我们在看视频学习的时候，不能光动眼动脑不动手，比较科学的学习方法是在理解之后运用它们，这时候练手项目就很适合了。

节省了很多时间。

三、入门学习视频

我们在看视频学习的时候，不能光动眼动脑不动手，比较科学的学习方法是在理解之后运用它们，这时候练手项目就很适合了。