最后
最后,强调几点:
- 1. 一定要谨慎对待写在简历上的东西,一定要对简历上的东西非常熟悉。因为一般情况下,面试官都是会根据你的简历来问的; 能有一个上得了台面的项目也非常重要,这很可能是面试官会大量发问的地方,所以在面试之前好好回顾一下自己所做的项目;
- 2. 和面试官聊基础知识比如设计模式的使用、多线程的使用等等,可以结合具体的项目场景或者是自己在平时是如何使用的;
- 3. 注意自己开源的Github项目,面试官可能会挖你的Github项目提问;
我个人觉得面试也像是一场全新的征程,失败和胜利都是平常之事。所以,劝各位不要因为面试失败而灰心、丧失斗志。也不要因为面试通过而沾沾自喜,等待你的将是更美好的未来,继续加油!
以上面试专题的答小编案整理成面试文档了,文档里有答案详解,以及其他一些大厂面试题目。
面试答案
- @Author : 石冬冬-Seig Heil
/
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class WorkOrderContext {
/* - 是否测试人员专用
/
private boolean isTest;
/* - 工单号
/
private WorkOrder worOrder;
/* - 队列类型
*/
private QueueType queueType;
/**
- 创建-正式队列(立即需要被派单
- @return
*/
public static WorkOrderContext buildImmediate() {
return WorkOrderContext.builder().queueType(QueueType.immediate).build();
}
/**
- 创建-挂起队列(挂起n小时执行)
- @return
*/
public static WorkOrderContext buildSuspended() {
return WorkOrderContext.builder().queueType(QueueType.suspended).build();
}
/**
- 转存队列(转存n天后执行)
- @return
*/
public static WorkOrderContext buildStored() {
return WorkOrderContext.builder().queueType(QueueType.stored).build();
}
/**
- 创建-正式队列(立即需要被派单)
- @param workCode
- @param priority
- @return
*/
public static WorkOrderContext buildImmediate(String workCode, double priority) {
WorkOrder workOrder = WorkOrder.builder().workCode(workCode).priority(priority).delayedTime(0).build();
return WorkOrderContext.builder().worOrder(workOrder).queueType(QueueType.immediate).build();
}
/**
- 创建-挂起队列(挂起n小时执行)
- @param workCode
- @param priority
- @param delayedTime
- @return
*/
public static WorkOrderContext buildSuspended(String workCode, double priority, long delayedTime) {
WorkOrder workOrder = WorkOrder.builder().workCode(workCode).priority(priority).delayedTime(delayedTime).build();
return WorkOrderContext.builder().worOrder(workOrder).queueType(QueueType.suspended).build();
}
/**
- 转存队列(转存n天后执行)
- @param workCode
- @param priority
- @param delayedTime
- @return
*/
public static WorkOrderContext buildStored(String workCode, double priority, long delayedTime) {
WorkOrder workOrder = WorkOrder.builder().workCode(workCode).priority(priority).delayedTime(delayedTime).build();
return WorkOrderContext.builder().worOrder(workOrder).queueType(QueueType.stored).build();
}
/**
- 队列类型
/
public enum QueueType {
/* - 正式队列(立即需要被派单)
/
immediate,
/* - 挂起队列(挂起n小时执行)
/
suspended,
/* - 转存队列(转存n天后执行)
*/
stored
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
public static class WorkOrder {
/**
- 工单号
/
private String workCode;
/* - 优先级
/
private double priority;
/* - 延迟时间
*/
private long delayedTime;
}
}
2.1.2、定义抽象缓存类(AbstractCacheManager
)
该抽象类定义了一个方法,抽象定义了一个具有重试机制的方法。其中注入的Bean
RedisService
是咱们子类基于Redis API的封装。
/**
- @description: 抽象缓存管理器
- @Date : 2020/7/18 下午9:41
- @Author : 石冬冬-Seig Heil
*/
@Slf4j
public abstract class AbstractCacheManager {
final int MAX_RETRIES = 3;
@Autowired
RedisService redisService;
/**
- 重试操作
- @param retries 重试次数
- @param context 上下文
- @param call 重试动作
*/
public void retry(int retries, T context, Function<Integer,Boolean> call){
boolean done = false;
int retry = 1;
do {
try {
done = call.apply(retry);
log.info(“[retry] context={},retry={},done={}”, JSONObject.toJSON(context),retry,done);
retry ++;
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(“[retry] 异常 ctx={}”, JSONObject.toJSON(context),e);
retry ++;
}
}while (retry <= retries && !done);
}
}
2.1.3、定义基于Redis Cache的Manager类(WorkOrderCacheManager
)
该类的主要作用,基于
Redis String
对象存储,实现具有Key
失效机制的存储。
- 内部静态类
CacheValue
,作为Redis String对象存储的Value值。 - 内部枚举类
CacheType
,维护了缓存Key的业务前缀。 - 特别说明的是,我们构成Redis String存储Key的命名规则,例如:
carCarthage:stored_cache_单号
。
/**
- @description: 工单缓存管理器
- @Date : 2020/7/14 下午4:28
- @Author : 石冬冬-Seig Heil
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class WorkOrderCacheManager extends AbstractCacheManager{
/**
- 设置缓存并设置缓存失效日期
- @param cache
*/
public void setCacheInExpire(CacheValue cache){
retry(MAX_RETRIES,cache,idx -> {
String redisKey = redisService.getKey(getRedisKeySuffix(cache.getType(),cache.getWorkCode()));
redisService.set(redisKey, JSONObject.toJSONString(cache),cache.getExpireSeconds());
log.info(“[setCacheInExpire],redisKey={},CacheValue={}”,redisKey,JSONObject.toJSONString(cache));
return Boolean.TRUE;
});
}
/**
- 查询某个工单号的缓存值
- @param cacheType 缓存类型 {@link CacheType}
- @param workCode 工单号
- @return
*/
public CacheValue get(CacheType cacheType,String workCode){
String redisKey = redisService.getKey(getRedisKeySuffix(cacheType,workCode));
String value = redisService.get(redisKey,String.class);
return JSONObject.parseObject(value,CacheValue.class);
}
/**
- 从上下文队列类型获取队列redis key
- @param cacheType 缓存类型 {@link CacheType}
- @param workCode 工单号
- @return
*/
String getRedisKeySuffix(CacheType cacheType,String workCode){
switch (cacheType){
case stored_cache:
return CacheType.stored_cache.getKey() + workCode;
case suspended_cache:
return CacheType.suspended_cache.getKey() + workCode;
default:
break;
}
return null;
}
/**
- 缓存值
/
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
public static class CacheValue{
/* - 缓存类型
/
private CacheType type;
/* - 工单号
/
private String workCode;
/* - 优先级
/
private double priority;
/* - 延迟截止时间(单位:时间戳)
/
private long delayedTime;
/* - 缓存失效时间(单位:秒)
*/
private long expireSeconds;
/**
- 创建-挂起队列(挂起n小时执行)
- @param workCode
- @param priority
- @param delayedTime
- @param expireSeconds
- @return
*/
public static CacheValue buildSuspended(String workCode, double priority, long delayedTime,long expireSeconds) {
return CacheValue.builder()
.type(CacheType.suspended_cache)
.workCode(workCode)
.priority(priority)
.delayedTime(delayedTime)
.expireSeconds(expireSeconds)
.build();
}
/**
- 转存队列(转存n天后执行)
- @param workCode
- @param priority
- @param delayedTime
- @param expireSeconds
- @return
*/
public static CacheValue buildStored(String workCode, double priority, long delayedTime,long expireSeconds) {
return CacheValue.builder()
.type(CacheType.stored_cache)
.workCode(workCode)
.priority(priority)
.delayedTime(delayedTime)
.expireSeconds(expireSeconds)
.build();
}
}
/**
- 实现 挂起|转存 缓存key
*/
@Getter
public enum CacheType{
stored_cache(“stored_cache_”),
suspended_cache(“suspended_cache_”),
;
CacheType(String key) {
this.key = key;
}
private String key;
}
}
2.1.4、工单队列管理器(WorkOrderQueueManager
)
该类基于Redis ZSet 对象结构的有序集合,可以实现按照优先级出队。
相关方法介绍:
String getRedisKey(WorkOrderContext context)
:从WorkOrderContext
中获取队列类型,返回集合要存储的Key。Long queueSize(WorkOrderContext context)
:返回队列大小Boolean leftPush(WorkOrderContext context)
:执行处理(入队操作)Boolean leftPushIfAbsent(WorkOrderContext context)
:执行处理(入队操作),如果入队元素缺席则入队,返回true;否则返回false。Long remove(WorkOrderContext context)
:从队列移除某个元素WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder pop(WorkOrderContext context)
:从集合中获取评分最小的成员出队Set<WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder> rank(WorkOrderContext context)
:按照升序查看队列中所有成员Long removeRange(String key, long start, long end)
:按照范围移除队列元素Long removeValues(String key, List<Object> values)
:移除指定元素long getDelayedTime(WorkOrderContext.QueueType queueType,String workCode)
:获取对应工单的延迟时间(适用于 挂起 和 转存)
/**
- @description: 工单队列管理器
- @Date : 2020/7/14 下午4:28
- @Author : 石冬冬-Seig Heil
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class WorkOrderQueueManager extends AbstractCacheManager{
final String LOCK_KEY = “ZSET_ATOMIC_LOCK”;
@Autowired
ZSetOperations<String, Object> zSetOperations;
@Autowired
WorkOrderCacheManager workOrderCacheManager;
/**
- 从上下文队列类型获取队列redis key
- @param context
- @return
*/
String getRedisKey(WorkOrderContext context){
String keySuffix = null;
switch (context.getQueueType()){
case immediate:
keySuffix = CarthageConst.WorkOrderKey.IMMEDIATE_QUEUE_DEFAULT;
break;
case stored:
keySuffix = CarthageConst.WorkOrderKey.STORED_QUEUE_DEFAULT;
break;
case suspended:
keySuffix = CarthageConst.WorkOrderKey.SUSPENDED_QUEUE_DEFAULT;
break;
default:
break;
}
if(null != keySuffix){
if(context.isTest()){
keySuffix += CarthageConst.TEST_SUFFIX;
}
return redisService.getKey(keySuffix);
}
return null;
}
/**
- 返回队列大小
- @param context
- @return
*/
public Long queueSize(WorkOrderContext context) {
return zSetOperations.size(getRedisKey(context));
}
/**
- 执行处理(入队操作)
- @param context
- @return
*/
public Boolean leftPush(WorkOrderContext context) {
String redisKey = getRedisKey(context);
String workCode = context.getWorOrder().getWorkCode();
double priority = context.getWorOrder().getPriority();
Boolean action = zSetOperations.add(redisKey,workCode,priority);
if(Objects.equals(Boolean.FALSE,action)){
Long value = zSetOperations.rank(redisKey,workCode);
log.info(“[Queue.leftPush],hasLeftPushed,action={},value={}, context={}”, action,value,JSONObject.toJSON(context));
if(Objects.nonNull(value)){
return Boolean.TRUE;
}
}
log.info(“[Queue.leftPush] context={}”, JSONObject.toJSON(context));
retry(MAX_RETRIES,context,idx -> action);
return Optional.ofNullable(action).orElse(Boolean.FALSE);
}
/**
- 执行处理(入队操作)
- 如果入队元素缺席则入队,返回true;否则返回false。
- @param context
- @return
*/
public Boolean leftPushIfAbsent(WorkOrderContext context) {
String redisKey = getRedisKey(context);
String workCode = context.getWorOrder().getWorkCode();
double priority = context.getWorOrder().getPriority();
Boolean action = zSetOperations.add(redisKey,workCode,priority);
log.info(“[WorkOrderQueue.leftPushIfAbsent,action={},context={}”,action, JSONObject.toJSON(context));
return Optional.ofNullable(action).orElse(Boolean.FALSE);
}
/**
- 从队列移除某个元素
- @param context
- @return
*/
public Long remove(WorkOrderContext context){
String redisKey = getRedisKey(context);
String workCode = context.getWorOrder().getWorkCode();
log.info(“[WorkOrderQueue.remove] context={}”, JSONObject.toJSON(context));
Long rem = zSetOperations.remove(redisKey,workCode);
Long action = Optional.ofNullable(rem).orElse(0L);
retry(MAX_RETRIES,context,idx -> action.longValue() > 0);
return action;
}
/**
- 从集合中获取评分最小的成员出队
- @param context
- @return
*/
public WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder pop(WorkOrderContext context) {
WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder workOrder = null;
try {
String redisKey = getRedisKey(context);
//通过分布式锁,实现 zset 的 zpopmin 命令操作
boolean locked = redisService.lock(LOCK_KEY,5000);
if(locked){
//1、取出第一个最小评分元素
Set<ZSetOperations.TypedTuple> set = redisService.zSetOperations().rangeWithScores(redisKey,0,0);
if(set.isEmpty()){
return null;
}
//2、移除该最小评分元素
Long value = redisService.zSetOperations().removeRange(redisKey,0,0);
retry(MAX_RETRIES,context,idx -> value.longValue() > 0);
//3、返回出队成员
workOrder = WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder.builder().build();
for(ZSetOperations.TypedTuple each : set){
workOrder.setWorkCode(each.getValue().toString());
workOrder.setPriority(each.getScore());
workOrder.setDelayedTime(0);
break;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(“[WorkOrderQueue.pop] exception ctx={}”, JSONObject.toJSON(context));
}finally {
redisService.unlock(LOCK_KEY);
}
return workOrder;
}
/**
- 按照升序查看队列中所有成员
- @param context
- @return
*/
public Set<WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder> rank(WorkOrderContext context) {
Set<ZSetOperations.TypedTuple> set = redisService.zSetOperations().rangeWithScores(getRedisKey(context),0,-1);
Set<WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder> members = Sets.newLinkedHashSetWithExpectedSize(set.size());
set.forEach(each -> {
WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder every = WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder.builder()
.workCode(each.getValue().toString())
.priority(each.getScore())
.delayedTime(getDelayedTime(context.getQueueType(),each.getValue().toString()))
.build();
members.add(every);
});
return members;
}
/**
- 按照范围移除队列元素
- @param key
- @param start
- @param end
- @return
*/
public Long removeRange(String key, long start, long end){
String redisKey = redisService.getKey(key);
Long count = zSetOperations.removeRange(redisKey,start,end);
log.info(“[WorkOrderQueue.removeRange] redisKey={},start={},end={},count={}”, redisKey,start,end,count);
return count;
}
/**
- 移除指定元素
- @param key
- @param values
- @return
*/
public Long removeValues(String key, List values){
String redisKey = redisService.getKey(key);
LongAdder longAdder = new LongAdder();
values.forEach(each -> {
Long count = zSetOperations.remove(redisKey,each);
longAdder.add(count);
});
Long count = longAdder.longValue();
log.info(“[WorkOrderQueue.removeValues] redisKey={},values={},count={}”, redisKey,JSONObject.toJSONString(values),count);
return count;
}
/**
- 获取对应工单的延迟时间(适用于 挂起 和 转存)
- @param queueType
- @param workCode
- @return
*/
long getDelayedTime(WorkOrderContext.QueueType queueType,String workCode){
long delayedTime = 0;
WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType cacheType = null;
switch (queueType){
case suspended:
cacheType = WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType.suspended_cache;
break;
case stored:
cacheType = WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType.stored_cache;
break;
default:
break;
}
if(null != cacheType){
WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheValue cacheValue = workOrderCacheManager.get(cacheType,workCode);
if(null != cacheValue){
delayedTime = cacheValue.getDelayedTime();
}
}
return delayedTime;
}
}
2.2、工单队列转移管理器
2.2.1、工单队列转移管理器(WorkOrderQueueTransfer
)
该类实现延迟队列出队、正式队列入队的原子操作(通过Redis分布式锁实现)。
/**
- @description: 工单队列转移管理器
- @Date : 2020/7/23 下午6:15
- @Author : 石冬冬-Seig Heil
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class WorkOrderQueueTransfer extends AbstractCacheManager{
final static String ATOMIC_KEY = “delayed_queue_key_expire_lock_{0}”;
final static long ATOMIC_KEY_EXPIRE = 5000;
@Autowired
RedisService redisService;
@Autowired
WorkOrderQueueManager workOrderQueueManager;
@Autowired
WorkOrderCacheManager workOrderCacheManager;
/**
- 从[挂起|暂存]队列转移到正式队列中
- @param cacheType 挂起|暂存
- @param delayedContext
- @return
*/
public Boolean transferImmediateQueue(WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType cacheType,WorkOrderContext delayedContext){
boolean tryLock = false;
Boolean done = Boolean.FALSE;
String lockKey = null;
try {
WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder workOrder = delayedContext.getWorOrder();
lockKey = redisService.getKey(MessageFormat.format(ATOMIC_KEY,workOrder.getWorkCode()));
tryLock = redisService.lock(lockKey,ATOMIC_KEY_EXPIRE);
if(tryLock){
//1、构建正式队列
WorkOrderContext immediateContext = WorkOrderContext.buildImmediate(workOrder.getWorkCode(),workOrder.getPriority());
done = workOrderQueueManager.leftPushIfAbsent(immediateContext);
//2、从当前延迟队列移除该元素
Long count = workOrderQueueManager.remove(delayedContext);
log.info(“[挂起|转存队remove],count={},delayedContext={}”, count,JSONObject.toJSONString(delayedContext));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(“[transferImmediateQueue]异常,delayedContext={},cacheType={}”, JSONObject.toJSONString(delayedContext),cacheType);
}finally {
if(Objects.nonNull(lockKey) && tryLock){
redisService.unlock(lockKey);
}
}
return Optional.ofNullable(done).orElse(Boolean.FALSE);
}
}
2.3、Redis过期key监听
2.3.1、Redis过期回调监听(RedisKeyExpirationListener
)
/**
- @description: Redis过期回调监听
- @Date : 2020/7/18 上午10:43
- @Author : 石冬冬-Seig Heil
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RedisKeyExpirationListener extends KeyExpirationEventMessageListener {
final static String STORED_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX = WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType.stored_cache.getKey();
final static String SUSPENDED_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX = WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType.suspended_cache.getKey();
@Autowired
TraceLogService traceLogService;
@Autowired
RedisService redisService;
@Autowired
WorkOrderService workOrderService;
@Autowired
DelayedScheduledOperateBridge delayedScheduledOperateBridge;
public RedisKeyExpirationListener(RedisMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer) {
super(listenerContainer);
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message, byte[] pattern) {
Date startTime = TimeTools.createNowTime();
String expiredKey = message.toString();
String bizPrefix = redisService.getKeyPrefix().getName();
if(!expiredKey.startsWith(bizPrefix)){
return;
}
String caseOfStored = redisService.getKey(STORED_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX);
String caseOfSuspended = redisService.getKey(SUSPENDED_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX);
WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType cacheType;
WorkOrderContext.QueueType queueType;
if(expiredKey.startsWith(caseOfStored)){
queueType = WorkOrderContext.QueueType.stored;
cacheType = WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType.stored_cache;
}else if(expiredKey.startsWith(caseOfSuspended)){
queueType = WorkOrderContext.QueueType.suspended;
cacheType = WorkOrderCacheManager.CacheType.suspended_cache;
}else{
return;
}
String workCode = getWorkCode(expiredKey);
log.info(“监听到 redis key=[{}] 已过期”,expiredKey);
if(Objects.nonNull(workCode)){
log.info(“监听到 redis key=[{}],挂起|转存工单开始处理,workCode={}”,expiredKey,workCode);
WorkOrder workOrder = workOrderService.queryOne(workCode);
if(Objects.isNull(workOrder)){
log.info(“监听到 redis key=[{}],挂起|转存工单开始处理,未找到工单,workCode={}”,expiredKey,workCode);
return;
}
WorkOrderContext delayedContext = WorkOrderContext.builder()
.worOrder(WorkOrderContext.WorkOrder.builder().delayedTime(5).priority(workOrder.getCasePriority()).workCode(workOrder.getWorkCode()).build())
.queueType(queueType). build();
Boolean done = delayedScheduledOperateBridge.transferImmediateQueue(cacheType,delayedContext);
总结
至此,文章终于到了尾声。总结一下,我们谈论了简历制作过程中需要注意的以下三个部分,并分别给出了一些建议:
- 技术能力:先写岗位所需能力,再写加分能力,不要写无关能力;
- 项目经历:只写明星项目,描述遵循 STAR 法则;
- 简历印象:简历遵循三大原则:清晰,简短,必要,要有的放矢,不要海投;
以及最后为大家准备的福利时间:简历模板+Java面试题+热门技术系列教程视频
workOrder.getWorkCode()).build())
.queueType(queueType). build();
Boolean done = delayedScheduledOperateBridge.transferImmediateQueue(cacheType,delayedContext);
总结
至此,文章终于到了尾声。总结一下,我们谈论了简历制作过程中需要注意的以下三个部分,并分别给出了一些建议:
- 技术能力:先写岗位所需能力,再写加分能力,不要写无关能力;
- 项目经历:只写明星项目,描述遵循 STAR 法则;
- 简历印象:简历遵循三大原则:清晰,简短,必要,要有的放矢,不要海投;
以及最后为大家准备的福利时间:简历模板+Java面试题+热门技术系列教程视频
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