一文带你彻底搞懂SpringBoot-RabbitMQ（1）

return “网络中断，请稍后再试~”;

}

}

}

复制代码

2.2.2 消息接收者

接收者需要配置以下内容

• 交换器：直接new对应的交换器类型

• 队列：只有Queue类型，通过名称区分

• 交换器和队列的绑定：通过BindingBuilder.bind(队列).to(交换器).with(路由键);

• 只声明交换器和队列绑定，并不会马上创建，而是在发送消息或者监听队列时才会创建

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration

public class AmqpSubscriberConfig {

/**

• 直连交换器

*/

@Bean

public DirectExchange emailDirectExchange() {

// 声明方式一

// return new DirectExchange(“exchange.direct.springboot.email”);

// 声明方式二

return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange(“exchange.direct.springboot.email”).build();

}

/**

• 声明队列

*/

@Bean

public Queue emailQueue() {

// 声明方式一

// return new Queue(“queue.direct.springboot.email”);

// 声明方式二

return QueueBuilder.durable(“queue.direct.springboot.email”).build();

}

/**

• 交换器和队列绑定

*/

@Bean

@Resource

public Binding emailBiding(Queue emailQueue, DirectExchange emailDirectExchange) {

// 将路由使用路由键绑定到交换器上

return BindingBuilder.bind(emailQueue).to(emailDirectExchange).with(“springboot.email.routing.key”);

}

}

复制代码

监听队列

• 监听的队列必须存在，否则将会报错

• 监听的队列消费完成会自动确认消息

• 如果多个队列同时监听一个队列，则消息会轮训地由不同方法处理

• 可以在参数中指定接收类型，消息将会自动转为对应类型

• 也可以指定Message参数获取对应消息信息

• org.springframework.amqp.core.Message

• 获取消息属性：message.getMessageProperties()

• 获取消息内容：message.getBody()

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**

• 消息订阅监听

*/

@Component

public class SubscriberListener {

/**

• direct监听，相同监听队列消息将会轮流处理

*/

@RabbitListener(queues = “queue.direct.springboot.email”)

public void receiver01(String msg) {

System.out.println("receiver01 message = " + msg);

}

@RabbitListener(queues = “queue.direct.springboot.email”)

public void receiver02(String msg) {

System.out.println("receiver02 message = " + msg);

}

}

复制代码

2.1.3 消息发布订阅

1.先启动订阅者，可以看到队列声明

2. 启动发布者，然后发布消息

• http://127.0.0.1:8071/direct?message=direct

import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController

public class PublishController {

@Resource

private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

@RequestMapping(“/direct”)

public Object direct(String message) {

try {

// 指定发送的交换器和路由键

rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(“exchange.direct.springboot.email”, “springboot.email.routing.key”, message);

return message;

} catch (AmqpException e) {

System.out.println(e.getMessage());

return “网络中断，请稍后再试~”;

}

}

}

复制代码

3.订阅者会轮流收到信息

receiver01 message = direct

receiver02 message = direct

receiver01 message = direct

receiver02 message = direct

receiver01 message = direct

receiver02 message = direct

复制代码

2.2 topic - 主题交换器

---

2.2.1 消息发送者

声明topic交换器

import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration

public class BlogPublisherConfig {

@Bean

public Exchange blogTopicExchange() {

return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(“exchange.topic.springboot.blog”).build();

}

}

复制代码

声明controller

@RequestMapping(“/topic”)

public Object topic(String routingKey, String message) {

rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(“exchange.topic.springboot.blog”, routingKey, message);

return routingKey + " : " + message;

}

复制代码

2.2.2 消息接收者

声明交换器、三个队列、队列的绑定

• *：匹配一个串

• #：匹配一个或者多个串

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Configuration

public class BlogSubscriberConfig {

/**

• 主题交换器

*/

@Bean

public TopicExchange blogTopicExchange() {

return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(“exchange.topic.springboot.blog”).build();

}

@Bean

public Queue blogJavaQueue() {

return QueueBuilder.durable(“queue.topic.springboot.blog.java”).build();

}

@Bean

public Queue blogMqQueue() {

return QueueBuilder.durable(“queue.topic.springboot.blog.mq”).bu