Android AIDL：跨进程调用Service (AIDL Service)

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements OnClickListener {

private Intent mServiceIntent;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

findViewById(R.id.btn_start_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

findViewById(R.id.btn_stop_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

mServiceIntent = new Intent();

mServiceIntent.setComponent(

new ComponentName(“com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp”,

“com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.AppService”));

}

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

switch (v.getId()) {

case R.id.btn_start_Service:

startService(mServiceIntent);

break;

case R.id.btn_stop_Service:

stopService(mServiceIntent);

break;

}

}

}

分别点击两个按钮同样可以看到输出的日志：

我们也可以在Service中重写 onStartCommand() 来接收其他应用传递过来的数据。

@Override

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

// 做你想做的事

}

三、跨应用绑定Service

1. 创建AIDL文件

右键app包名新建.aidl文件：

• 自动生成的代码如图中右边所示（IAppServiceRemoteBinder.aidl）。

• 同时也自动新建了个aidl文件夹，.aidl文件就是在这个文件夹下（图中左边）。

Build->Make Project 发现在…debug目录下自动生成了对应的java接口文件

该文件代码如下：

/*

• This file is auto-generated. DO NOT MODIFY.

• Original file: F:\AndroidG\StartServiceFromAnotherApp\app\src\main\aidl\com\zhuanghongji\startservicefromanotherapp\IAppServiceRemoteBinder.aidl

*/

package com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

public interface IAppServiceRemoteBinder extends android.os.IInterface {

/**

• Local-side IPC implementation stub class.

*/

public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder {

private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = “com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder”;

/**

• Construct the stub at attach it to the interface.

*/

public Stub() {

this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);

}

/**

• Cast an IBinder object into an com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder interface,

• generating a proxy if needed.

*/

public static com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) {

if ((obj == null)) {

return null;

}

android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);

if (((iin != null) && (iin instanceof com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder))) {

return ((com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder) iin);

}

return new com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder.Stub.Proxy(obj);

}

@Override

public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {

return this;

}

@Override

public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException {

switch (code) {

case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: {

reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR);

return true;

}

case TRANSACTION_basicTypes: {

data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);

int _arg0;

_arg0 = data.readInt();

long _arg1;

_arg1 = data.readLong();

boolean _arg2;

_arg2 = (0 != data.readInt());

float _arg3;

_arg3 = data.readFloat();

double _arg4;

_arg4 = data.readDouble();

java.lang.String _arg5;

_arg5 = data.readString();

this.basicTypes(_arg0, _arg1, _arg2, _arg3, _arg4, _arg5);

reply.writeNoException();

return true;

}

}

return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);

}

private static class Proxy implements com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder {

private android.os.IBinder mRemote;

Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote) {

mRemote = remote;

}

@Override

public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {

return mRemote;

}

public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor() {

return DESCRIPTOR;

}

/**

• Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters

• and return values in AIDL.

*/

@Override

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, java.lang.String aString) throws android.os.RemoteException {

android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();

android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();

try {

_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);

_data.writeInt(anInt);

_data.writeLong(aLong);

_data.writeInt(((aBoolean) ? (1) : (0)));

_data.writeFloat(aFloat);

_data.writeDouble(aDouble);

_data.writeString(aString);

mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_basicTypes, _data, _reply, 0);

_reply.readException();

} finally {

_reply.recycle();

_data.recycle();

}

}

}

static final int TRANSACTION_basicTypes = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);

}

/**

• Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters

• and return values in AIDL.

*/

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, java.lang.String aString) throws android.os.RemoteException;

}

/*

Stub对象是在被调用端进程，也就是服务端进程

*/

在Service中重写onBind()方法：

@Override

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

return new IAppServiceRemoteBinder.Stub() {

@Override

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

// …

}

};

}

这时重写AnotherApp中的MainActivity：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements OnClickListener, ServiceConnection {

private Intent mServiceIntent;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

findViewById(R.id.btn_start_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

findViewById(R.id.btn_stop_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

findViewById(R.id.btn_bind_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

findViewById(R.id.btn_unbind_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

mServiceIntent = new Intent();

mServiceIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName(“com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp”,

“com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.AppService”));

}

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

switch (v.getId()) {

case R.id.btn_start_Service:

startService(mServiceIntent);

break;

case R.id.btn_stop_Service:

stopService(mServiceIntent);

break;

case R.id.btn_bind_Service:

bindService(mServiceIntent, this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

break;

case R.id.btn_unbind_Service:

unbindService(this);

break;

}

}

@Override

public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {

Log.i(“TAG”, "Bind Service : " + service);

}

@Override

public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

}

}

重新安装后，点击“绑定外部服务”

会看到如下日志：

四、跨应用绑定Service并通信

1. 在app 中的IAppServiceRemoteBinder增加接口方法：void setData(String data);

2. 复制该文件的包名com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp

3. 在AnotherApp中新建一个AIDL Folder，再在里面新建一个包(包名是刚才复制的包名，否则会编译错误)。

4. 将IAppServiceRemoteBinder.aidl文件整个复制到刚才新建的包下。

// IAppServiceRemoteBinder.aidl

package com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IAppServiceRemoteBinder {

/**

• Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters

• and return values in AIDL.

*/

void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,

double aDouble, String aString);

void setData(String data);

}

Build -> ReBuild Project 后在AppService中的onBind(Intent intent)中实现void setData(String data);

package com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp;

public class AppService extends Service {

private String mData = “默认数据”;

private boolean isRunning = false;

public AppService() {

}

@Override

public void onCreate() {

super.onCreate();

Log.i(“TAG”, “AppService onCreate”);

new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

isRunning = true;

while (isRunning) {

Log.i(“TAG”, mData);

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}).start();

}

@Override

public void onDestroy() {

super.onDestroy();

Log.i(“TAG”, “AppService onDestroy”);

isRunning = false;

}

@Override

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

return new IAppServiceRemoteBinder.Stub() {

@Override

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

// …

}

@Override

public void setData(String data) throws RemoteException {

mData = data;

}

};

}

@Override

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

最后

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erride

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

return new IAppServiceRemoteBinder.Stub() {

@Override

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

// …

}

@Override

public void setData(String data) throws RemoteException {

mData = data;

}

};

}

@Override

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

最后

有任何问题，欢迎广大网友一起来交流，分享高阶Android学习视频资料和面试资料包~

偷偷说一句：群里高手如云，欢迎大家加群和大佬们一起交流讨论啊！

[外链图片转存中…(img-4yX9Atdk-1714481918456)]
《Android学习笔记总结+移动架构视频+大厂面试真题+项目实战源码》，点击传送门，即可获取！