2024年大聪明教你学Java 没有绝对安全的系统，数据结构与算法面试题

于 2024-05-10 23:55:26 发布
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分类专栏： 程序员 文章标签： 网络安全 学习 面试
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_84253850/article/details/138686789
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对于从来没有接触过网络安全的同学，我们帮你准备了详细的学习成长路线图。可以说是最科学最系统的学习路线，大家跟着这个大的方向学习准没问题。

同时每个成长路线对应的板块都有配套的视频提供：

在这里插入图片描述

因篇幅有限，仅展示部分资料

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一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！

/\*\* regex flag union representing /si modifiers in php \*\*/
private static final int REGEX_FLAGS_SI = Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE | Pattern.DOTALL;
private static final Pattern P_COMMENTS = Pattern.compile("<!--(.\*?)-->", Pattern.DOTALL);
private static final Pattern P_COMMENT = Pattern.compile("^!--(.\*)--$", REGEX_FLAGS_SI);
private static final Pattern P_TAGS = Pattern.compile("<(.\*?)>", Pattern.DOTALL);
private static final Pattern P_END_TAG = Pattern.compile("^/([a-z0-9]+)", REGEX_FLAGS_SI);
private static final Pattern P_START_TAG = Pattern.compile("^([a-z0-9]+)(.\*?)(/?)$", REGEX_FLAGS_SI);
private static final Pattern P_QUOTED_ATTRIBUTES = Pattern.compile("([a-z0-9]+)=([\"'])(.\*?)\\2", REGEX_FLAGS_SI);
private static final Pattern P_UNQUOTED_ATTRIBUTES = Pattern.compile("([a-z0-9]+)(=)([^\"\\s']+)", REGEX_FLAGS_SI);
private static final Pattern P_PROTOCOL = Pattern.compile("^([^:]+):", REGEX_FLAGS_SI);
private static final Pattern P_ENTITY = Pattern.compile("&#(\\d+);?");
private static final Pattern P_ENTITY_UNICODE = Pattern.compile("&#x([0-9a-f]+);?");
private static final Pattern P_ENCODE = Pattern.compile("%([0-9a-f]{2});?");
private static final Pattern P_VALID_ENTITIES = Pattern.compile("&([^&;]\*)(?=(;|&|$))");
private static final Pattern P_VALID_QUOTES = Pattern.compile("(>|^)([^<]+?)(<|$)", Pattern.DOTALL);
private static final Pattern P_END_ARROW = Pattern.compile("^>");
private static final Pattern P_BODY_TO_END = Pattern.compile("<([^>]\*?)(?=<|$)");
private static final Pattern P_XML_CONTENT = Pattern.compile("(^|>)([^<]\*?)(?=>)");
private static final Pattern P_STRAY_LEFT_ARROW = Pattern.compile("<([^>]\*?)(?=<|$)");
private static final Pattern P_STRAY_RIGHT_ARROW = Pattern.compile("(^|>)([^<]\*?)(?=>)");
private static final Pattern P_AMP = Pattern.compile("&");
private static final Pattern P_QUOTE = Pattern.compile("<");
private static final Pattern P_LEFT_ARROW = Pattern.compile("<");
private static final Pattern P_RIGHT_ARROW = Pattern.compile(">");
private static final Pattern P_BOTH_ARROWS = Pattern.compile("<>");

// @xxx could grow large... maybe use sesat's ReferenceMap
private static final ConcurrentMap<String,Pattern> P_REMOVE_PAIR_BLANKS = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Pattern>();
private static final ConcurrentMap<String,Pattern> P_REMOVE_SELF_BLANKS = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Pattern>();

/\*\* set of allowed html elements, along with allowed attributes for each element \*\*/
private final Map<String, List<String>> vAllowed;
/\*\* counts of open tags for each (allowable) html element \*\*/
private final Map<String, Integer> vTagCounts = new HashMap<String, Integer>();

/\*\* html elements which must always be self-closing (e.g. "<img />") \*\*/
private final String[] vSelfClosingTags;
/\*\* html elements which must always have separate opening and closing tags (e.g. "<b></b>") \*\*/
private final String[] vNeedClosingTags;
/\*\* set of disallowed html elements \*\*/
private final String[] vDisallowed;
/\*\* attributes which should be checked for valid protocols \*\*/
private final String[] vProtocolAtts;
/\*\* allowed protocols \*\*/
private final String[] vAllowedProtocols;
/\*\* tags which should be removed if they contain no content (e.g. "<b></b>" or "<b />") \*\*/
private final String[] vRemoveBlanks;
/\*\* entities allowed within html markup \*\*/
private final String[] vAllowedEntities;
/\*\* flag determining whether comments are allowed in input String. \*/
private final boolean stripComment;
private final boolean encodeQuotes;
private boolean vDebug = false;
/\*\*

* flag determining whether to try to make tags when presented with “unbalanced”
* angle brackets (e.g. “<b text ” becomes “ text ”). If set to false,
* unbalanced angle brackets will be html escaped.
*/
private final boolean alwaysMakeTags;

/\*\* Default constructor.

*
*/
public HTMLFilter() {
vAllowed = new HashMap<>();

    final ArrayList<String> a_atts = new ArrayList<String>();
    a_atts.add("href");
    a_atts.add("target");
    vAllowed.put("a", a_atts);

    final ArrayList<String> img_atts = new ArrayList<String>();
    img_atts.add("src");
    img_atts.add("width");
    img_atts.add("height");
    img_atts.add("alt");
    vAllowed.put("img", img_atts);

    final ArrayList<String> no_atts = new ArrayList<String>();
    vAllowed.put("b", no_atts);
    vAllowed.put("strong", no_atts);
    vAllowed.put("i", no_atts);
    vAllowed.put("em", no_atts);

    vSelfClosingTags = new String[]{"img"};
    vNeedClosingTags = new String[]{"a", "b", "strong", "i", "em"};
    vDisallowed = new String[]{};
    vAllowedProtocols = new String[]{"http", "mailto", "https"}; // no ftp.
    vProtocolAtts = new String[]{"src", "href"};
    vRemoveBlanks = new String[]{"a", "b", "strong", "i", "em"};
    vAllowedEntities = new String[]{"amp", "gt", "lt", "quot"};
    stripComment = true;
    encodeQuotes = true;
    alwaysMakeTags = true;
}

/\*\* Set debug flag to true. Otherwise use default settings. See the default constructor.

*
* @param debug turn debug on with a true argument
*/
public HTMLFilter(final boolean debug) {
this();
vDebug = debug;

}

/\*\* Map-parameter configurable constructor.

*
* @param conf map containing configuration. keys match field names.
*/
public HTMLFilter(final Map<String,Object> conf) {

    assert conf.containsKey("vAllowed") : "configuration requires vAllowed";
    assert conf.containsKey("vSelfClosingTags") : "configuration requires vSelfClosingTags";
    assert conf.containsKey("vNeedClosingTags") : "configuration requires vNeedClosingTags";
    assert conf.containsKey("vDisallowed") : "configuration requires vDisallowed";
    assert conf.containsKey("vAllowedProtocols") : "configuration requires vAllowedProtocols";
    assert conf.containsKey("vProtocolAtts") : "configuration requires vProtocolAtts";
    assert conf.containsKey("vRemoveBlanks") : "configuration requires vRemoveBlanks";
    assert conf.containsKey("vAllowedEntities") : "configuration requires vAllowedEntities";

    vAllowed = Collections.unmodifiableMap((HashMap<String, List<String>>) conf.get("vAllowed"));
    vSelfClosingTags = (String[]) conf.get("vSelfClosingTags");
    vNeedClosingTags = (String[]) conf.get("vNeedClosingTags");
    vDisallowed = (String[]) conf.get("vDisallowed");
    vAllowedProtocols = (String[]) conf.get("vAllowedProtocols");
    vProtocolAtts = (String[]) conf.get("vProtocolAtts");
    vRemoveBlanks = (String[]) conf.get("vRemoveBlanks");
    vAllowedEntities = (String[]) conf.get("vAllowedEntities");
    stripComment =  conf.containsKey("stripComment") ? (Boolean) conf.get("stripComment") : true;
    encodeQuotes = conf.containsKey("encodeQuotes") ? (Boolean) conf.get("encodeQuotes") : true;
    alwaysMakeTags = conf.containsKey("alwaysMakeTags") ? (Boolean) conf.get("alwaysMakeTags") : true;
}

private void reset() {
    vTagCounts.clear();
}

private void debug(final String msg) {
    if (vDebug) {
        Logger.getAnonymousLogger().info(msg);
    }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
// my versions of some PHP library functions
public static String chr(final int decimal) {
    return String.valueOf((char) decimal);
}

public static String htmlSpecialChars(final String s) {
    String result = s;
    result = regexReplace(P_AMP, "&amp;", result);
    result = regexReplace(P_QUOTE, "&quot;", result);
    result = regexReplace(P_LEFT_ARROW, "&lt;", result);
    result = regexReplace(P_RIGHT_ARROW, "&gt;", result);
    return result;
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
/\*\*

* given a user submitted input String, filter out any invalid or restricted
* html.
*
* @param input text (i.e. submitted by a user) than may contain html
* @return “clean” version of input, with only valid, whitelisted html elements allowed
*/
public String filter(final String input) {
reset();
String s = input;

    debug("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*");
    debug(" INPUT: " + input);

    s = escapeComments(s);
    debug(" escapeComments: " + s);

    s = balanceHTML(s);
    debug(" balanceHTML: " + s);

    s = checkTags(s);
    debug(" checkTags: " + s);

    s = processRemoveBlanks(s);
    debug("processRemoveBlanks: " + s);

    s = validateEntities(s);
    debug(" validateEntites: " + s);

    debug("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n\n");
    return s;
}

public boolean isAlwaysMakeTags(){
    return alwaysMakeTags;
}

public boolean isStripComments(){
    return stripComment;
}

private String escapeComments(final String s) {
    final Matcher m = P_COMMENTS.matcher(s);
    final StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
    if (m.find()) {
        final String match = m.group(1); //(.\*?)
        m.appendReplacement(buf, Matcher.quoteReplacement("<!--" + htmlSpecialChars(match) + "-->"));
    }
    m.appendTail(buf);

    return buf.toString();
}

private String balanceHTML(String s) {
    if (alwaysMakeTags) {
        //
        // try and form html
        //
        s = regexReplace(P_END_ARROW, "", s);
        s = regexReplace(P_BODY_TO_END, "<$1>", s);
        s = regexReplace(P_XML_CONTENT, "$1<$2", s);

    } else {
        //
        // escape stray brackets
        //
        s = regexReplace(P_STRAY_LEFT_ARROW, "&lt;$1", s);
        s = regexReplace(P_STRAY_RIGHT_ARROW, "$1$2&gt;<", s);

        //
        // the last regexp causes '<>' entities to appear
        // (we need to do a lookahead assertion so that the last bracket can
        // be used in the next pass of the regexp)
        //
        s = regexReplace(P_BOTH_ARROWS, "", s);
    }

    return s;
}

private String checkTags(String s) {
    Matcher m = P_TAGS.matcher(s);

    final StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
    while (m.find()) {
        String replaceStr = m.group(1);
        replaceStr = processTag(replaceStr);
        m.appendReplacement(buf, Matcher.quoteReplacement(replaceStr));
    }
    m.appendTail(buf);

    s = buf.toString();

    // these get tallied in processTag
    // (remember to reset before subsequent calls to filter method)
    for (String key : vTagCounts.keySet()) {
        for (int ii = 0; ii < vTagCounts.get(key); ii++) {
            s += "</" + key + ">";
        }
    }

    return s;
}

private String processRemoveBlanks(final String s) {
    String result = s;
    for (String tag : vRemoveBlanks) {
        if(!P_REMOVE_PAIR_BLANKS.containsKey(tag)){
            P_REMOVE_PAIR_BLANKS.putIfAbsent(tag, Pattern.compile("<" + tag + "(\\s[^>]\*)?></" + tag + ">"));
        }
        result = regexReplace(P_REMOVE_PAIR_BLANKS.get(tag), "", result);
        if(!P_REMOVE_SELF_BLANKS.containsKey(tag)){
            P_REMOVE_SELF_BLANKS.putIfAbsent(tag, Pattern.compile("<" + tag + "(\\s[^>]\*)?/>"));
        }
        result = regexReplace(P_REMOVE_SELF_BLANKS.get(tag), "", result);
    }

    return result;
}

private static String regexReplace(final Pattern regex_pattern, final String replacement, final String s) {
    Matcher m = regex_pattern.matcher(s);
    return m.replaceAll(replacement);
}

private String processTag(final String s) {
    // ending tags
    Matcher m = P_END_TAG.matcher(s);
    if (m.find()) {
        final String name = m.group(1).toLowerCase();
        if (allowed(name)) {
            if (!inArray(name, vSelfClosingTags)) {
                if (vTagCounts.containsKey(name)) {
                    vTagCounts.put(name, vTagCounts.get(name) - 1);
                    return "</" + name + ">";
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // starting tags
    m = P_START_TAG.matcher(s);
    if (m.find()) {
        final String name = m.group(1).toLowerCase();
        final String body = m.group(2);
        String ending = m.group(3);
        if (allowed(name)) {
            String params = "";

            final Matcher m2 = P_QUOTED_ATTRIBUTES.matcher(body);
            final Matcher m3 = P_UNQUOTED_ATTRIBUTES.matcher(body);
            final List<String> paramNames = new ArrayList<String>();
            final List<String> paramValues = new ArrayList<String>();
            while (m2.find()) {
                paramNames.add(m2.group(1)); //([a-z0-9]+)
                paramValues.add(m2.group(3)); //(.\*?)
            }
            while (m3.find()) {
                paramNames.add(m3.group(1)); //([a-z0-9]+)
                paramValues.add(m3.group(3)); //([^\"\\s']+)
            }

            String paramName, paramValue;
            for (int ii = 0; ii < paramNames.size(); ii++) {
                paramName = paramNames.get(ii).toLowerCase();
                paramValue = paramValues.get(ii);
                if (allowedAttribute(name, paramName)) {
                    if (inArray(paramName, vProtocolAtts)) {
                        paramValue = processParamProtocol(paramValue);
                    }
                    params += " " + paramName + "=\"" + paramValue + "\"";
                }
            }

            if (inArray(name, vSelfClosingTags)) {
                ending = " /";
            }

            if (inArray(name, vNeedClosingTags)) {
                ending = "";
            }

            if (ending == null || ending.length() < 1) {
                if (vTagCounts.containsKey(name)) {
                    vTagCounts.put(name, vTagCounts.get(name) + 1);
                } else {
                    vTagCounts.put(name, 1);
                }
            } else {
                ending = " /";
            }
            return "<" + name + params + ending + ">";
        } else {
            return "";
        }
    }

    // comments
    m = P_COMMENT.matcher(s);
    if (!stripComment && m.find()) {
        return  "<" + m.group() + ">";
    }

    return "";
}

private String processParamProtocol(String s) {
    s = decodeEntities(s);
    final Matcher m = P_PROTOCOL.matcher(s);
    if (m.find()) {
        final String protocol = m.group(1);
        if (!inArray(protocol, vAllowedProtocols)) {
            // bad protocol, turn into local anchor link instead
            s = "#" + s.substring(protocol.length() + 1, s.length());
            if (s.startsWith("#//")) {
                s = "#" + s.substring(3, s.length());
            }
        }
    }

    return s;
}

private String decodeEntities(String s) {
    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

    Matcher m = P_ENTITY.matcher(s);
    while (m.find()) {
        final String match = m.group(1);
        final int decimal = Integer.decode(match).intValue();
        m.appendReplacement(buf, Matcher.quoteReplacement(chr(decimal)));
    }
    m.appendTail(buf);
    s = buf.toString();

    buf = new StringBuffer();
    m = P_ENTITY_UNICODE.matcher(s);
    while (m.find()) {
        final String match = m.group(1);
        final int decimal = Integer.valueOf(match, 16).intValue();
        m.appendReplacement(buf, Matcher.quoteReplacement(chr(decimal)));
    }
    m.appendTail(buf);
    s = buf.toString();

    buf = new StringBuffer();
    m = P_ENCODE.matcher(s);
    while (m.find()) {
        final String match = m.group(1);
        final int decimal = Integer.valueOf(match, 16).intValue();
        m.appendReplacement(buf, Matcher.quoteReplacement(chr(decimal)));
    }
    m.appendTail(buf);
    s = buf.toString();

    s = validateEntities(s);
    return s;
}

private String validateEntities(final String s) {
    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

    // validate entities throughout the string
    Matcher m = P_VALID_ENTITIES.matcher(s);
    while (m.find()) {
        final String one = m.group(1); //([^&;]\*)
        final String two = m.group(2); //(?=(;|&|$))
        m.appendReplacement(buf, Matcher.quoteReplacement(checkEntity(one, two)));
    }
    m.appendTail(buf);

    return encodeQuotes(buf.toString());
}

private String encodeQuotes(final String s){
    if(encodeQuotes){
        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
        Matcher m = P_VALID_QUOTES.matcher(s);
        while (m.find()) {
            final String one = m.group(1); //(>|^)
            final String two = m.group(2); //([^<]+?)
            final String three = m.group(3); //(<|$)
            m.appendReplacement(buf, Matcher.quoteReplacement(one + regexReplace(P_QUOTE, "&quot;", two) + three));
        }
        m.appendTail(buf);
        return buf.toString();
    }else{
        return s;
    }
}

private String checkEntity(final String preamble, final String term) {

    return ";".equals(term) && isValidEntity(preamble)
            ? '&' + preamble
            : "&amp;" + preamble;
}

private boolean isValidEntity(final String entity) {
    return inArray(entity, vAllowedEntities);
}

private static boolean inArray(final String s, final String[] array) {
    for (String item : array) {
        if (item != null && item.equals(s)) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

private boolean allowed(final String name) {
    return (vAllowed.isEmpty() || vAllowed.containsKey(name)) && !inArray(name, vDisallowed);
}

private boolean allowedAttribute(final String name, final String paramName) {
    return allowed(name) && (vAllowed.isEmpty() || vAllowed.get(name).contains(paramName));
}

}

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
* XSS过滤
*
*/
public class XssFilter implements Filter {

@Override
public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
}

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
        throws IOException, ServletException {
	XssHttpServletRequestWrapper xssRequest = new XssHttpServletRequestWrapper((HttpServletRequest) request);
	chain.doFilter(xssRequest, response);
}

@Override
public void destroy() {
}

}

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ReadListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

/**
* XSS过滤处理

给大家的福利

零基础入门

对于从来没有接触过网络安全的同学，我们帮你准备了详细的学习成长路线图。可以说是最科学最系统的学习路线，大家跟着这个大的方向学习准没问题。

同时每个成长路线对应的板块都有配套的视频提供：

在这里插入图片描述

因篇幅有限，仅展示部分资料

网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取

一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！

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