XtraBackup 使用总结_为什么解后xtrabackup_info，2024年最新整理出软件测试逆向系列学习进阶视频

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 22:37:20 发布

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测试备份

root@ha1:~# innobackupex --user=root --password=123456 --host=127.0.0.1 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --databases=xtra_test /home/lgc/xtrabackup/

This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

Get the latest version of Percona XtraBackup, documentation, and help resources:
http://www.percona.com/xb/p
11:56:58 innobackupex: Connecting to MySQL server with DSN ‘dbi:mysql:;mysql_read_default_file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf;mysql_read_default_group=xtrabackup;host=192.168.200.51’ as ‘zjy’ (using password: YES).
11:56:58 innobackupex: Connected to MySQL server
11:56:58 innobackupex: Executing a version check against the server…
11:56:58 innobackupex: Done.
11:56:58 innobackupex: Starting the backup operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.
At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex
prints “completed OK!”.

innobackupex: Using server version 5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1-log

innobackupex: Created backup directory /home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58
11:56:58 innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup --defaults-file=“/etc/mysql/my.cnf” --defaults-group=“mysqld” --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58 --innodb_log_file_size=“5242880” --innodb_data_file_path=“ibdata1:10M:autoextend” --tmpdir=/tmp --extra-lsndir=‘/tmp’ --databases=‘xtra_test’
innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=10539) to suspend
innobackupex: Suspend file ‘/home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58/xtrabackup_suspended_2’

xtrabackup version 2.2.6 based on MySQL server 5.6.21 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: )
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup: cd to /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: open files limit requested 0, set to 1024
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration:
xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 5242880

log scanned up to (7363097930)
xtrabackup: Generating a list of tablespaces
[01] Copying ./ibdata1 to /home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58/ibdata1
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
log scanned up to (7363097930)
[01] …done
log scanned up to (7363097930)
xtrabackup: Creating suspend file ‘/home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58/xtrabackup_suspended_2’ with pid ‘10540’
11:57:11 innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended
11:57:11 innobackupex: Executing FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK…
11:57:11 innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk
11:57:11 innobackupex: Starting to backup non-InnoDB tables and files
innobackupex: in subdirectories of ‘/var/lib/mysql/’
innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql//xtra_test/db.opt’
innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql//xtra_test/M.MYI’
log scanned up to (7363097930)
innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql//xtra_test/M.frm’
innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql//xtra_test/I.frm’
innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql//xtra_test/M.MYD’
11:57:11 innobackupex: Finished backing up non-InnoDB tables and files
11:57:11 innobackupex: Executing FLUSH ENGINE LOGS…
11:57:11 innobackupex: Waiting for log copying to finish

xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): ‘7363097930’
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.>> log scanned up to (7363097930)

xtrabackup: Creating suspend file ‘/home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58/xtrabackup_log_copied’ with pid ‘10540’
xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (7363097930) to (7363097930) was copied.
11:57:12 innobackupex: All tables unlocked

innobackupex: Backup created in directory ‘/home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58’
innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename ‘mysql-bin51.000001’, position 967
11:57:12 innobackupex: Connection to database server closed
11:57:12 innobackupex: completed OK!

查看备份文件：

ls -lh 2014-11-11_11-56-58/
total 1.2G
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 188 11月 11 11:56 backup-my.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 root root 1.2G 11月 11 11:57 ibdata1
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 25 11月 11 11:57 xtrabackup_binlog_info
-rw-r----- 1 root root 95 11月 11 11:57 xtrabackup_checkpoints
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 666 11月 11 11:57 xtrabackup_info
-rw-r----- 1 root root 2.5K 11月 11 11:57 xtrabackup_logfile
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K 11月 11 11:57 xtra_test

/home/zhoujy/xtrabackup/ 备份存放的位置，备份会在该目录下生成一个按照时间命名的文件夹。用**–no-timestamp**参数可以指定到自己想要的备份文件夹，不受时间命名的文件夹限制。

利用 --apply-log的作用是通过回滚未提交的事务及同步已经提交的事务至数据文件使数据文件处于一致性状态。

root@localhost:/home/lgc/xtrabackup# innobackupex --apply-log /home/lgc/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58/

应用完之后再查看备份文件看是否有变化：

root@localhost:/home/lgc/xtrabackup# ls -lh 2014-11-11_11-56-58/
total 1.2G
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 188 11月 11 11:56 backup-my.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 root root 1.2G 11月 11 12:02 ibdata1
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 5.0M 11月 11 12:02 ib_logfile0
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 5.0M 11月 11 12:02 ib_logfile1
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 25 11月 11 11:57 xtrabackup_binlog_info
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 38 11月 11 12:02 xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb
-rw-r----- 1 root root 95 11月 11 12:02 xtrabackup_checkpoints
-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 666 11月 11 11:57 xtrabackup_info
-rw-r----- 1 root root 2.0M 11月 11 12:02 xtrabackup_logfile
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K 11月 11 11:57 xtra_test

看到redo log已经出现。xtrabackup_开头的几个文件记录了一些日志偏移量的信息和日志名和时间等信息。在xtrabackup_checkpoints中记录了备份的模式：

backup_type = full-backuped。

xtrabackup_binlog_info：记录当前最新的LOG Position
xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb:innodb log postion
xtrabackup_checkpoints: 存放备份的起始位置beginlsn和结束位置endlsn,增量备份需要这个lsn[增量备份可以在这里面看from和to两个值的变化
xtrabackup_info:备份的一些具体信息日志

增量备份

在做增量备份的时候需要做一次全量备份，只是针对所有库的备份：

root@localhost:/home/lgc/xtrabackup# innobackupex --apply-log /home/lgc/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_11-56-58/

操作数据库，新增数据或删除数据，保证测试有效性。

mysql> insert into X values(‘dxy’);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into X values(‘浙江’);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

基于全量增备：

innobackupex --user=lgc --password=123456 --host=127.0.01 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --incremental --incremental-basedir=/home/lgc/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_13-57-11/ /home/zhoujy/increment_data/

其中，–incremental指明是增量备份，–incremental-basedir指定上次完整备份或者增量备份文件的位置。这里的增量备份其实只针对的是InnoDB，对于MyISAM来说，还是完整备份。

基于增量的增备：

就是–incremental-basedir 指定增量备份文件的位置，此时如需还原，则须还原2次。

#还原全量备份：
root@localhost:/home/lgc# innobackupex --apply-log /home/lgc/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_13-57-11/

#第一次的增量备份应用日志,应用完日志后,将合并到全备上,恢复使用全备恢复
root@localhost:~# innobackupex --apply-log /home/lgc/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_13-57-11/ --incremental-dir=/home/lgc/increment_data/2014-11-11_14-14-56/

#第二次的增量备份应用日志,应用完日志后,将合并到全备上,恢复使用全备恢复
root@localhost:~# innobackupex --apply-log /home/lgc/xtrabackup/2014-11-11_13-57-11/ --incremental-dir=/home/lgc/increment_data/2014-11-11_14-25-36/

此时两次增量备份其实都合并到全备上了,恢复是只需要使用全备进行恢复就可以了

压缩备份：必须使用-i参数拆包解压

打包(Tar)备份
innobackupex --user=root–password=123456 --host=127.0.0.1 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --databases=xtra_test --stream=tar /home/lgc/xtrabackup/ 1>/home/lgc/xtrabackup/xtra_test.tar

但有可能出错，（表示：使用tar格式远程增量备份时收到如下提示，即只支持xbstream），如下提示：

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