利用mdadm工具构建RAID 0 1 5 6 10磁盘阵列实战（超详细）_mdadm raid5 重构

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[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] 
md1 : active raid1 sdb1[2](S) sde1[1] sdd1[0]
      20953088 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      [==========>..........]  resync = 54.4% (11407360/20953088) finish=0.7min speed=200040K/sec

unused devices: <none>


[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Tue Apr 21 16:11:16 2020
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Tue Apr 21 16:12:34 2020
             State : clean, resyncing 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 3
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 1

Consistency Policy : resync

     Resync Status : 77% complete

              Name : localhost.localdomain:1  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : 98b76e6e:b6390011:26a822a8:3dcc4cc9
            Events : 12

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       49        0      active sync   /dev/sdd1
       1       8       65        1      active sync   /dev/sde1

       2       8       17        -      spare   /dev/sdb1

3.格式化并挂载

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/md1 

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/md1
/dev/md1: UUID="18a8f33b-1bb6-43c2-8dfc-2b21a871961a" TYPE="xfs"

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /raid1

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/md1 /raid1/

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root   17G   11G  6.7G   61% /
...
/dev/md1                  20G   33M   20G    1% /raid1

4.模拟磁盘损坏

模拟损坏后查看RAID1阵列详细信息，发现/dev/sdb1自动替换了损坏的/dev/sdd1磁盘。

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm /dev/md1 -f /dev/sdd1

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1   //查看
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Tue Apr 21 16:11:16 2020
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Tue Apr 21 16:29:38 2020
             State : clean, degraded, recovering //正在自动恢复
    Active Devices : 1
   Working Devices : 2      
    Failed Devices : 1     //已损坏的磁盘
     Spare Devices : 1    //备用设备数

Consistency Policy : resync

    Rebuild Status : 46% complete

              Name : localhost.localdomain:1  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : 98b76e6e:b6390011:26a822a8:3dcc4cc9
            Events : 26

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       2       8       17        0      spare rebuilding   /dev/sdb1
       1       8       65        1      active sync   /dev/sde1

       0       8       49        -      faulty   /dev/sdd1

****** 备用磁盘正在自动替换损坏的磁盘，等几分钟再查看RAID1阵列详细信息

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Tue Apr 21 16:11:16 2020
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 20953088 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Tue Apr 21 16:30:39 2020
             State : clean    //干净，已经替换成功了
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 1     //已损坏的磁盘
     Spare Devices : 0     //备用设备数为0了

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : localhost.localdomain:1  (local to h