大数据最全hadoop 常用命令(1)，大数据开发面试复习

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 14:10:29 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 14:10:29 发布

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查看 HDFS 文件中系统的DFS使用情况：
$ hadoop fs -du -s -h /

垃圾清理（多次执行）：
$ hadoop fs -expunge

datanode 使用率占满&配置容量显示为0的问题【DFS Used%: 100.00% & Configured Capacity: 0 (0 B)】
$ hadoop dfsadmin -report
查看到使用率占满，显示：
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.

Configured Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Present Capacity: 0 (0 B)
DFS Remaining: 0 (0 B)
DFS Used: 0 (0 B)
DFS Used%: NaN%
Under replicated blocks: 76125
Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
Missing blocks: 76125
Missing blocks (with replication factor 1): 21993

Live datanodes (1):

Name: 192.168.1.188:50010 (hadoop01)
Hostname: hadoop01
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 0 (0 B)
DFS Used: 0 (0 B)
Non DFS Used: 0 (0 B)
DFS Remaining: 0 (0 B)
DFS Used%: 100.00%
DFS Remaining%: 0.00%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 0
Last contact: Mon Mar 25 17:02:43 CST 2024

配置容量显示为0了：
Configured Capacity: 0 (0 B)

尝试多种方法、最终原因是 slave 中配置的 datanode 节点 hostname 配置成了 localhost 而导致的问题。
vi salve 把配置的 datanode 主机名配置为 hadoop01 后，重启 datanode 服务，问题就解决了。

$ ./sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanode
$ ./sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
$ hadoop dfsadmin -report
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.

Configured Capacity: 98337751040 (91.58 GB)
Present Capacity: 65340043264 (60.85 GB)
DFS Remaining: 61911707648 (57.66 GB)
DFS Used: 3428335616 (3.19 GB)
DFS Used%: 5.25%
Under replicated blocks: 73720
Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
Missing blocks: 82
Missing blocks (with replication factor 1): 21993

Live datanodes (1):

Name: 192.168.1.188:50010 (hadoop01)
Hostname: hadoop01
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 98337751040 (91.58 GB)
DFS Used: 3428335616 (3.19 GB)
Non DFS Used: 32997707776 (30.73 GB)
DFS Remaining: 61911707648 (57.66 GB)
DFS Used%: 3.49%
DFS Remaining%: 62.96%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Mon Mar 25 17:27:05 CST 2024

Hive建表和LOAD数据：

– 普通表（TextFile存储格式）
drop table if exists testdb.tb_test03;
create table testdb.tb_test03 (
id int,
info string,
cnt bigint)
– partitioned by (pt_sheng string)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’
STORED AS TextFile
– STORED AS INPUTFORMAT
– ‘org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat’
– OUTPUTFORMAT
– ‘org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat’
LOCATION ‘hdfs://192.168.1.188:9000/user/hive/warehouse/testdb.db/tb_test03’
;

– hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse/testdb.db/tb_test03.txt

show tables;
show create table testdb.tb_test03;
select * from testdb.tb_test03;

– 方法1：
$ echo ‘1,jack,95
2,frank,96
3,lucy,97
4,hack,99’ > /opt/frank/tb_test03.txt

– hiveSQL: load from Local OS dir
LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH ‘/opt/frank/tb_test03.txt’ OVERWRITE INTO TABLE tb_test03;

– 方法2：
– shell_cmd: 先拷贝到 hdfs, 再从 hdfs 路径 load
– $ hadoop fs -rm /frank/tb_test03.txt
– $ hadoop fs -put /opt/frank/tb_test03.txt /frank/
– $ hadoop fs -cat /frank/tb_test03.txt
– – hiveSQL: load from HDFS FileSystem dir
– LOAD DATA INPATH ‘/frank/tb_test03.txt’ OVERWRITE INTO TABLE tb_test03;
select * from tb_test03;

– load后会在配置文件决定的固定目录下产生一个表名对应的目录，目录下为对应的数据文件
$ hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse/testdb.db/tb_test03/

drop table if exists testdb.tb_test03;
create table testdb.tb_test03 (
id int,
info string,
cnt bigint)
– partitioned by (pt_sheng string)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’
– STORED AS TextFile