keepalived高可用集群实战案例

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-29 19:01:12 发布

郭小路

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-29 19:01:12 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_85325558/article/details/142532139

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环境

Server1： 192.168.229.11

Server2: · 192.168.229.12

VIP: 192.168.229.100 对外的虚拟ip

注意:

关闭防火墙、selinux、配置yum源

server1

1、创建etc下的keepalived目录,编辑配置文件

# yum -y install keepalived

# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
 router_id 1                            #设备在组中的标识，设置不一样即可(改改改)
 }

#vrrp_script chk_nginx {                        #健康检查
# script "/etc/keepalived/ck_ng.sh"     #检查脚本
# interval 2                            #检查频率.秒
# weight -5                             #priority减5
# fall 3                                        #失败三次
# }

#高可用集群的组员设置
vrrp_instance VI_1 {               #VI_1。实例名两台路由器相同。同学们要注意区分。（注意注意）
    state MASTER                        #主或者从状态（改改改）
    interface ens33                     #监控网卡
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.229.11         #心跳源IP，当前主机的ip
    virtual_router_id 55                #虚拟路由编号，主备要一致。同学们注意区分
    priority 100                        #优先级 数值越大优先级越高
    advert_int 1                        #心跳间隔 单位是秒

    authentication {                    #秘钥认证(1-8位)（注意注意）
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {                 #VIP 虚拟ip（自己设置自己设置）
    192.168.229.100/24
        }

#  track_script {                       #引用脚本
#       chk_nginx
#    }

}

2、把当前服务器的keepalived的配置，传给另外一台服务器（或者在另外一台服务器再手动创建）

# scp -r /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  192.168.229.12:/etc/keepalived/
# systemctl enable keepalived.service

3、安装Nginx

# rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

# yum -y install nginx
# systemctl enable nginx.service
# systemctl start nginx.service
# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
# curl -i localhost
-i 显示目标地址返回的响应头信息
# systemctl start keepalived.service

server2

1、BACKUP服务器的配置需要几处修改

# yum -y install keepalived

# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

注意注意注意！！！！！

state MASTER改为  state BACKUP
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.118改为backup服务器实际的IP mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.119
priority 100改为priority 99

配置文件示例

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
 router_id 2        #（更改了）
 }

#vrrp_script chk_nginx {
# script "/etc/keepalived/ck_ng.sh"
# interval 2
# weight -5
# fall 3
# }

vrrp_instance VI_1 {    #（与master保持一致）
    state BACKUP        #（master改为backup）
    interface ens33
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.229.12
    virtual_router_id 55
    priority 99
    advert_int 1

    authentication {    #（账号密码保持一致）
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {   #（对外暴露地址保持一致）
    192.168.229.100/24
        }

#  track_script {
#       chk_nginx
#    }

}

# systemctl enable keepalived.service

2、安装Nginx

# rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

# yum -y install nginx
# systemctl enable nginx.service
# systemctl start nginx.service
# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
# curl -i localhost
-i 显示目标地址返回的响应头信息
# systemctl start keepalived.service

思考，为什么在server2中看不到192.168.229.100这个ip

因为这个虚拟IP只会再master服务器中出现，当master服务器宕机后，才会出现再backup服务器上

client 访问

访问VIP http://192.168.229.100 （虚拟IP）

1、拔掉master(server1)的网线

2、访问

访问VIP http://192.168.229.100，观察网页已经切换

关于keepalived对nginx状态未知的问题

恢复之前的实验。启动两台主机的keepalived和nginx。确保页面访问正常。关闭master的nginx服务。systemctl stop nginx 继续访问VIP，请问页面是否会切换到slave呢？

不会！！！

原因是keepalived监控的是接口IP状态。无法监控nginx服务状态

编辑监控脚本

1、server1 添加Nginx监控脚本

vi /etc/keepalived/ck_ng.sh

#!/bin/bash
#检查nginx进程是否存在
counter=$(ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l)
if [ "${counter}" = "0" ]; then
#尝试启动一次nginx，停止5秒后再次检测
    systemctl start nginx
    sleep 5
    counter=$(ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l)
    if [ "${counter}" = "0" ]; then
#如果启动没成功，就杀掉keepalive触发主备切换
        systemctl stop keepalived 
    fi
fi

# chmod +x /etc/keepalived/ck_ng.sh

2、server2 添加Nginx监控脚本

vi /etc/keepalived/ck_ng.sh

#!/bin/bash
#检查nginx进程是否存在
counter=$(ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l)
if [ "${counter}" = "0" ]; then
#尝试启动一次nginx，停止5秒后再次检测
    systemctl start nginx
    sleep 5
    counter=$(ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l)
    if [ "${counter}" = "0" ]; then
#如果启动没成功，就杀掉keepalive触发主备切换
        service keepalived stop
    fi
fi