简单实现接口自动化测试(基于python+unittest)_# assert result_create_item

“errorMsg” : “”,
“data” : {
“config” : xxx
}

**Postman测试方法见**


### 测试思路


1.获取Postman原始脚本


2.使用requests库模拟发送HTTP请求\*\*


3.对原始脚本进行基础改造\*\*


4.使用python标准库里unittest写测试case\*\*


#### 原始脚本实现


##### 未优化


**该代码只是简单的一次调用，而且返回的结果太多，很多返回信息暂时没用，示例代码如下**

import requests

url = “http://cpright.xinhua-news.cn/api/match/image/getjson”

querystring = {“category”:“image”,“offset”:“0”,“limit”:“30”,“sourceId”:“0”,“metaTitle”:“”,“metaId”:“0”,“classify”:“unclassify”,“startTime”:“”,“endTime”:“”,“createStart”:“”,“createEnd”:“”,“sourceType”:“”,“isTracking”:“true”,“metaGroup”:“”,“companyId”:“0”,“lastDays”:“1”,“author”:“”}

headers = {
‘cache-control’: “no-cache”,
‘postman-token’: “e97a99b0-424b-b2a5-7602-22cd50223c15”
}

response = requests.request(“POST”, url, headers=headers, params=querystring)

print(response.text)

##### 优化 第一版


**调整代码结构，输出结果Json出来，获取需要验证的response.status\_code，以及获取结果校验需要用到的results['total']**

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding: utf-8
‘’’
unittest merchant backgroud interface
@author: zhang_jin
@version: 1.0
@see:http://www.python-requests.org/en/master/
‘’’

import unittest
import json
import traceback
import requests

url = “http://cpright.xinhua-news.cn/api/match/image/getjson”

querystring = {
“category”: “image”,
“offset”: “0”,
“limit”: “30”,
“sourceId”: “0”,
“metaTitle”: “”,
“metaId”: “0”,
“classify”: “unclassify”,
“startTime”: “”,
“endTime”: “”,
“createStart”: “”,
“createEnd”: “”,
“sourceType”: “”,
“isTracking”: “true”,
“metaGroup”: “”,
“companyId”: “0”,
“lastDays”: “1”,
“author”: “”
}

headers = {
‘cache-control’: “no-cache”,
‘postman-token’: “e97a99b0-424b-b2a5-7602-22cd50223c15”
}

#Post接口调用
response = requests.request(“POST”, url, headers=headers, params=querystring)

#对返回结果进行转义成json串
results = json.loads(response.text)

#获取http请求的status_code
print “Http code:”,response.status_code

#获取结果中的total的值
print results[‘total’]
#print(response.text)

##### 优化 第二版


**接口调用异常处理，增加try，except处理，对于返回response.status\_code，返回200进行结果比对，不是200数据异常信息。**

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding: utf-8
‘’’
unittest merchant backgroud interface
@author: zhang_jin
@version: 1.0
@see:http://www.python-requests.org/en/master/
‘’’

import json
import traceback
import requests

url = “http://cpright.xinhua-news.cn/api/match/image/getjson”

querystring = {
“category”: “image”,
“offset”: “0”,
“limit”: “30”,
“sourceId”: “0”,
“metaTitle”: “”,
“metaId”: “0”,
“classify”: “unclassify”,
“startTime”: “”,
“endTime”: “”,
“createStart”: “”,
“createEnd”: “”,
“sourceType”: “”,
“isTracking”: “true”,
“metaGroup”: “”,
“companyId”: “0”,
“lastDays”: “1”,
“author”: “”
}

headers = {
‘cache-control’: “no-cache”,
‘postman-token’: “e97a99b0-424b-b2a5-7602-22cd50223c15”
}

try:
#Post接口调用
response = requests.request(“POST”, url, headers=headers, params=querystring)

#对http返回值进行判断，对于200做基本校验
if response.status_code == 200:
    results = json.loads(response.text)
    if results['total'] == 191:
        print "Success"
    else:
        print "Fail"
        print results['total']
else:
    #对于http返回非200的code，输出相应的code
    raise Exception("http error info:%s" %response.status_code)

except:
traceback.print_exc()

##### 优化 第三版


**1.该版本改动较大，引入config文件，单独封装结果校验模块，引入unittest模块，实现接口自动调用，并增加log处理模块；**  
**2.对不同Post请求结果进行封装，不同接口分开调用；**  
**3.测试用例的结果进行统计并最终输出**

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding: utf-8
‘’’
unittest interface
@author: zhang_jin
@version: 1.0
@see:http://www.python-requests.org/en/master/
‘’’

import unittest
import json
import traceback
import requests
import time
import result_statistics
import config as cf
from com_logger import match_Logger

class MyTestSuite(unittest.TestCase):
“”“docstring for MyTestSuite”“”
#@classmethod
def sedUp(self):
print “start…”
#图片匹配统计
def test_image_match_001(self):
url = cf.URL1

    querystring = {
        "category": "image",
        "offset": "0",
        "limit": "30",
      "sourceId": "0",
      "metaTitle": "",
      "metaId": "0",
      "classify": "unclassify",
      "startTime": "",
      "endTime": "",
      "createStart": "",
      "createEnd": "",
      "sourceType": "",
      "isTracking": "true",
      "metaGroup": "",
      "companyId": "0",
      "lastDays": "1",
      "author": ""
    }
    headers = {
        'cache-control': "no-cache",
        'postman-token': "545a2e40-b120-2096-960c-54875be347be"
        }


    response = requests.request("POST", url, headers=headers, params=querystring)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
        results = json.loads(response.text)
        #预期结果与实际结果校验，调用result_statistics模块
        result_statistics.test_result(results,196)
    else:
        print "http error info:%s" %response.status_code

    #match_Logger.info("start image_query22222")
    #self.assertEqual(results['total'], 888)

    '''
    try:
        self.assertEqual(results['total'], 888)
    except:
        match_Logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
    #print results['total']
    '''

#文字匹配数据统计
def test_text_match_001(self):

    text_url = cf.URL2

    querystring = {
        "category": "text",
        "offset": "0",
        "limit": "30",
        "sourceId": "0",
        "metaTitle": "",
        "metaId": "0",
        "startTime": "2017-04-14",
        "endTime": "2017-04-15",
        "createStart": "",
        "createEnd": "",
        "sourceType": "",
        "isTracking": "true",
        "metaGroup": "",
        "companyId": "0",
        "lastDays": "0",
        "author": "",
        "content": ""
    }
    headers = {
        'cache-control': "no-cache",
        'postman-token': "ef3c29d8-1c88-062a-76d9-f2fbebf2536c"
        }

    response = requests.request("POST", text_url, headers=headers, params=querystring)

    if response.status_code == 200:
        response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
        results = json.loads(response.text)
        #预期结果与实际结果校验，调用result_statistics模块
        result_statistics.test_result(results,190)
    else:
        print "http error info:%s" %response.status_code

    #print(response.text)

def tearDown(self): 
    pass

if name == ‘main’:
#image_match_Logger = ALogger(‘image_match’, log_level=‘INFO’)

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#image_match_Logger = ALogger(‘image_match’, log_level=‘INFO’)

[外链图片转存中…(img-EyBEbye2-1719275630848)]
[外链图片转存中…(img-4fM7mBVh-1719275630848)]

网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！