Automotive cybersecurity

Introduction to Automotive Cybersecurity

The rapid advancement of automotive technology has led to the integration of sophisticated electronic systems and connectivity features in modern vehicles. While these innovations enhance the driving experience, they also introduce new cybersecurity challenges. Ensuring the security of automotive systems is critical to protect against potential cyber threats that could compromise vehicle safety, privacy, and functionality. This blog provides an overview of key standards and regulations shaping the landscape of automotive cybersecurity, with a focus on UNECE Regulation No. 155 and ISO/SAE 21434.

UNECE Regulation No. 155

The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Regulation No. 155, also known as Regulation 155, addresses cybersecurity and cyber threats in the automotive sector. Adopted in June 2020, this regulations mandates that vehicle manufacturers implement robust cybersecurity management systems (CSMS) to ensure the security of vehicles throughout their lifecycle. Key requirements of Regulation 155 include:

• Risk Management : Manufacturers must identify and assess cybersecurity risks associated with vehicle systems and implement appropriate mitigation measures.
• Incident Response : A structured approach to detect, report, and respond to cybersecurity incidents must be established.
• Monitoring and Detection : Continuous monitoring of vehicle systems to detect potential cyber threats and vulnerabilities.
• Lifecycle Management : Ensuring cybersecurity measures are maintained and updated throughout the vehicle's lifecycle, including post-production.

Regulation 155 applies to passenger cars, vans, trucks, and buses, and compliance is mandatory for new vehicle types from July 2022 and for all new vehicles from July 2024 in UNECE member countries.

ISO/SAE 21434

ISO/SAE 21434 is an international standard that provides a comprehensive framework for automotive cybersecurity engineering. Published in August 2021, this standard was developed collaboratively by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). ISO/SAE 21434 outlines requirements and guidelines for managing cybersecurity risks in the design and development of automotive systems. Key aspects of ISO/SAE 21434 include:

• Cybersecurity Governance : Establishing organizational policies, roles, and responsibilities for cybersecurity.
• Risk Assessment : Conducting systematic risk assessments to identify and evaluate potential cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities.
• Security by Design : Integrating cybersecurity considerations into the design and development process of automotive systems.
• Verification and Validation : Ensuring that cybersecurity measures are effectively implemented and tested throughout the development lifecycle.
• Supply Chain Management : Addressing cybersecurity risks associated with suppliers and third-party components.

ISO/SAE 21434 emphasizes a lifecycle approach to cybersecurity, ensuring that security measures are continuously evaluated and updated as new threats emerge.

Conclusion

The increasing complexity and connectivity of modern vehicles necessitate a proactive approach to cybersecurity. UNECE Regulation No. 155 and ISO/SAE 21434 provide essential frameworks for automotive manufacturers to address cybersecurity risks and ensure the safety and security of their vehicles. By adhering to these standards and regulations, the automotive industry can better protect against cyber threats and enhance the overall resilience of vehicle systems.