Java中BigInteger 的常见用法

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已于 2024-09-30 08:43:22 修改

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java 开发语言

于 2024-09-27 20:45:21 首次发布

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从二进制字符串创建（使用 2 作为基数）：

从十六进制字符串创建（使用 16 作为基数）：

创建Biglnteger对象：

从基本类型创建：

从long值创建：

BigInteger bigInt = BigInteger.valueOf(123456789L);

从int值创建（隐式转换为long）：

BigInteger bigInt = BigInteger.valueOf(12345);

解释：在 Java 中，BigInteger 类的 valueOf 方法接受一个 long 类型的参数，并返回一个表示该 long 值的 BigInteger 对象。当你从 int 值创建 BigInteger 时，实际上发生了隐式的类型转换，即 int 被自动转换为 long。当你使用 BigInteger.valueOf 方法并传入一个 int 值时，Java 会自动将这个 int 值转换为 long，然后再传递给 BigInteger.valueOf 方法。

从字符串创建：

从十进制字符串开始创建：

BigInteger bigInt = new BigInteger("123456789");

从二进制字符串创建（使用 `2` 作为基数）：

BigInteger difference = bigInt1.subtract(bigInt2);

BigInteger bigInt = new BigInteger("101010", 2);

从十六进制字符串创建（使用 `16` 作为基数）：

BigInteger bigInt = new BigInteger("ABCDEF", 16);

算术运算：

加法

BigInteger sum = bigInt1.add(bigInt2);

减法

BigInteger difference = bigInt1.subtract(bigInt2);

乘法

BigInteger product = bigInt1.multiply(bigInt2);

除法

返回商

BigInteger quotient = bigInt1.divide(bigInt2);

返回余数

BigInteger remainder = bigInt1.remainder(bigInt2);

同时返回商和余数

BigInteger[] result = bigInt1.divideAndRemainder(bigInt2);
BigInteger quotient = result[0];
BigInteger remainder = result[1];

幂运算和取模

幂运算

BigInteger power = bigInt.pow(exponent);

取模

BigInteger mod = bigInt.mod(modulus);

模幂运算

BigInteger modPowResult = bigInt.modPow(exponent, modulus);

位运算

与运算

BigInteger andResult = bigInt1.and(bigInt2);

或运算

BigInteger orResult = bigInt1.or(bigInt2);

异或运算

BigInteger xorResult = bigInt1.xor(bigInt2);

左移

BigInteger leftShift = bigInt.shiftLeft(n);

右移

BigInteger rightShift = bigInt.shiftRight(n);

比较

判断是否相等

boolean isEqual = bigInt1.equals(bigInt2);

比较大小

int comparison = bigInt1.compareTo(bigInt2); // 返回 -1, 0, 或 1

转换

转换为int

int intValue = bigInt.intValue();

转换为long

long longValue = bigInt.longValue();

转换为字符串

String stringValue = bigInt.toString();

转换为二进制字符串

String stringValue = bigInt.toString();

转换为十六进制字符串

String hexString = bigInt.toString(16);

其它常用方法

获取绝对值

BigInteger abs = bigInt.abs();

获取相反数

BigInteger negate = bigInt.negate();

判断是否为正数

boolean isPositive = bigInt.signum() > 0;

判断是否为负数

boolean isNegative = bigInt.signum() < 0;

判断是否为零

boolean isZero = bigInt.signum() == 0;

计算最大公约数

BigInteger gcd = bigInt1.gcd(bigInt2);

代码实例：

import java.math.BigInteger;

public class BigIntegerExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建 BigInteger 对象
        BigInteger bigInt1 = new BigInteger("123456789");
        BigInteger bigInt2 = new BigInteger("987654321");

        // 算术运算
        BigInteger sum = bigInt1.add(bigInt2);
        BigInteger difference = bigInt1.subtract(bigInt2);
        BigInteger product = bigInt1.multiply(bigInt2);
        BigInteger quotient = bigInt1.divide(bigInt2);
        BigInteger remainder = bigInt1.remainder(bigInt2);

        // 幂运算和取模
        BigInteger power = bigInt1.pow(3);
        BigInteger mod = bigInt1.mod(bigInt2);
        BigInteger modPowResult = bigInt1.modPow(new BigInteger("2"), bigInt2);

        // 位运算
        BigInteger andResult = bigInt1.and(bigInt2);
        BigInteger orResult = bigInt1.or(bigInt2);
        BigInteger xorResult = bigInt1.xor(bigInt2);
        BigInteger leftShift = bigInt1.shiftLeft(2);
        BigInteger rightShift = bigInt1.shiftRight(2);

        // 比较
        boolean isEqual = bigInt1.equals(bigInt2);
        int comparison = bigInt1.compareTo(bigInt2);

        // 转换
        int intValue = bigInt1.intValue();
        long longValue = bigInt1.longValue();
        String stringValue = bigInt1.toString();
        String binaryString = bigInt1.toString(2);
        String hexString = bigInt1.toString(16);

        // 输出结果
        System.out.println("Sum: " + sum);
        System.out.println("Difference: " + difference);
        System.out.println("Product: " + product);
        System.out.println("Quotient: " + quotient);
        System.out.println("Remainder: " + remainder);
        System.out.println("Power: " + power);
        System.out.println("Mod: " + mod);
        System.out.println("Mod Pow: " + modPowResult);
        System.out.println("AND: " + andResult);
        System.out.println("OR: " + orResult);
        System.out.println("XOR: " + xorResult);
        System.out.println("Left Shift: " + leftShift);
        System.out.println("Right Shift: " + rightShift);
        System.out.println("Is Equal: " + isEqual);
        System.out.println("Comparison: " + comparison);
        System.out.println("Int Value: " + intValue);
        System.out.println("Long Value: " + longValue);
        System.out.println("String Value: " + stringValue);
        System.out.println("Binary String: " + binaryString);
        System.out.println("Hex String: " + hexString);
    }
}
Sum: 1111111110
Difference: -864197532
Product: 121932631112635269
Quotient: 0
Remainder: 123456789
Power: 1881676371789154860897069
Mod: 123456789
Mod Pow: 478395063
AND: 39471121
OR: 1071639989
XOR: 1032168868
Left Shift: 493827156
Right Shift: 30864197
Is Equal: false
Comparison: -1
Int Value: 123456789
Long Value: 123456789
String Value: 123456789
Binary String: 111010110111100110100010101
Hex String: 75bcd15