MyBatis09-动态SQL

MyBatis09-动态SQL

Mybatis框架的动态SQL技术是一种根据特定条件动态拼装SQL语句的功能，它存在的意义是为了解决拼接SQL语句字符串时的痛点问题。

一、if

if标签可通过test属性的表达式进行判断，若表达式的结果为true，则标签中的内容会执行；反之标签中的内容不会执行

<select id="getEmpByConditionOne" resultType="Emp">
    select * from t_emp where 1=1
    <if test="empName != null and empName != ''">
        emp_name = #{empName}
    </if>
    <if test="age != null and age != ''">
        and age = #{age}
    </if>
    <if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
        and sex = #{sex}
    </if>
    <if test="email != null and email != ''">
        and email = #{email}
    </if>
</select>

/**
 * 多条件查询
 */
List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);

@Test
public void testGetEmpByCondition(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
    DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
    List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "", null, "", null));
    System.out.println(list);
}

二、where

当where标签中有内容时，会自动生成where关键字，并且将内容前多余的and或or去掉

当where标签中没有内容时，此时where标签没有任何效果

注意：where标签不能将其中内容后面多余的and或or去掉

<select id="getEmpByConditionTwo" resultType="Emp">
    select * from t_emp
    <where>
        <if test="empName != null and empName != ''">
            emp_name = #{empName}
        </if>
        <if test="age != null and age != ''">
            and age = #{age}
        </if>
        <if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
            or sex = #{sex}
        </if>
        <if test="email != null and email != ''">
            and email = #{email}
        </if>
    </where>
</select>

/**
 * 多条件查询
 */
List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);

@Test
public void testGetEmpByCondition(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
    DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
    List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "", null, "", null));
    System.out.println(list);
}

三、trim

若标签中有内容时：

prefix|suffix：将trim标签中内容前面或后面添加指定内容

suffixOverrides|prefixOverrides：将trim标签中内容前面或后面去掉指定内容

若标签中没有内容时，trim标签也没有任何效果

<select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp">
    select <include refid="empColumns"></include> from t_emp
    <trim prefix="where" suffixOverrides="and|or">
        <if test="empName != null and empName != ''">
            emp_name = #{empName} and
        </if>
        <if test="age != null and age != ''">
            age = #{age} or
        </if>
        <if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
            sex = #{sex} and
        </if>
        <if test="email != null and email != ''">
            email = #{email}
        </if>
    </trim>
</select>

/**
 * 多条件查询
 */
List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);

@Test
public void testGetEmpByCondition(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
    DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
    List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "", null, "", null));
    System.out.println(list);
}

四、choose、when、otherwise

相当于if…else if…else

when至少要有一个，otherwise最多只能有一个

<!--List<Emp> getEmpByChoose(Emp emp);-->
<select id="getEmpByChoose" resultType="Emp">
    select * from t_emp
    <where>
        <choose>
            <when test="empName != null and empName != ''">
                emp_name = #{empName}
            </when>
            <when test="age != null and age != ''">
                age = #{age}
            </when>
            <when test="sex != null and sex != ''">
                sex = #{sex}
            </when>
            <when test="email != null and email != ''">
                email = #{email}
            </when>
            <otherwise>
                did = 1
            </otherwise>
        </choose>
    </where>
</select>

/**
 * 测试choose、when、otherwise
 */
List<Emp> getEmpByChoose(Emp emp);

@Test
public void testGetEmpByChoose(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
    DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
    List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByChoose(new Emp(null, "", null, "", ""));
    System.out.println(list);
}

五、foreach

collection:设置需要循环的数组或集合

item:表示数组或集合中的每一个数据

separator:循环体之间的分割符

open:foreach标签所循环的所有内容的开始符

close:foreach标签所循环的所有内容的结束符

<!--int insertMoreByList(@Param("emps") List<Emp> emps);-->
<insert id="insertMoreByList">
    insert into t_emp values
    <foreach collection="emps" item="emp" separator=",">
        (null,#{emp.empName},#{emp.age},#{emp.sex},#{emp.email},null)
    </foreach>
</insert>

<!--int deleteMoreByArray(@Param("eids") Integer[] eids);-->
<delete id="deleteMoreByArray">
    delete from t_emp where
    <foreach collection="eids" item="eid" separator="or">
        eid = #{eid}
    </foreach>
    <!--
        delete from t_emp where eid in
        <foreach collection="eids" item="eid" separator="," open="(" close=")">
            #{eid}
        </foreach>
    -->
</delete>

/**
 * 通过数组实现批量删除
 */
int deleteMoreByArray(@Param("eids") Integer[] eids);

/**
 * 通过list集合实现批量添加
 */
int insertMoreByList(@Param("emps") List<Emp> emps);

@Test
public void testInsertMoreByList(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
    DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
    Emp emp1 = new Emp(null,"a1",23,"男","123@qq.com");
    Emp emp2 = new Emp(null,"a2",23,"男","123@qq.com");
    Emp emp3 = new Emp(null,"a3",23,"男","123@qq.com");
    List<Emp> emps = Arrays.asList(emp1, emp2, emp3);
    System.out.println(mapper.insertMoreByList(emps));
}

@Test
public void testDeleteMoreByArray(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
    DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
    int result = mapper.deleteMoreByArray(new Integer[]{6, 7, 8});
    System.out.println(result);
}

六、SQL片段

sql片段，可以记录一段公共sql片段，在使用的地方通过include标签进行引入

<sql id="empColumns">eid,emp_name,age,sex,email</sql>

<!--List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);-->
<select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp">
    select <include refid="empColumns"></include> from t_emp
    <trim prefix="where" suffixOverrides="and|or">
        <if test="empName != null and empName != ''">
            emp_name = #{empName} and
        </if>
        <if test="age != null and age != ''">
            age = #{age} or
        </if>
        <if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
            sex = #{sex} and
        </if>
        <if test="email != null and email != ''">
            email = #{email}
        </if>
    </trim>
</select>
!= null and age != ''">
            age = #{age} or
        </if>
        <if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
            sex = #{sex} and
        </if>
        <if test="email != null and email != ''">
            email = #{email}
        </if>
    </trim>
</select>