下面是一些关于如何使用JavaScript中的数组和字符串操作方法的简单示例:
### 操作数组的示例:
1. **添加/删除元素:**
```javascript
let arr = [1, 2, 3];
arr.push(4); // [1, 2, 3, 4]
arr.pop(); // [1, 2, 3]
arr.unshift(0); // [0, 1, 2, 3]
arr.shift(); // [1, 2, 3]
```
2. **拼接/切割:**
```javascript
let arr1 = [1, 2, 3];
let arr2 = [4, 5];
let result = arr1.concat(arr2); // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
let sliced = result.slice(1, 4); // [2, 3, 4]
```
3. **修改元素:**
```javascript
let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
arr.splice(2, 1, 6); // 在索引2处删除1个元素,并插入6,结果:[1, 2, 6, 4, 5]
```
4. **遍历:**
```javascript
let arr = [1, 2, 3];
arr.forEach(item => console.log(item));
let doubled = arr.map(item => item * 2);
```
5. **过滤/查找:**
```javascript
let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
let evens = arr.filter(item => item % 2 === 0); // [2, 4]
let found = arr.find(item => item === 3); // 3
```
6. **排序/反转:**
```javascript
let arr = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5];
arr.sort(); // [1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 9]
arr.reverse(); // [9, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1]
```
### 操作字符串的示例:
1. **获取字符信息:**
```javascript
let str = "Hello, World!";
let length = str.length; // 13
let char = str.charAt(7); // 'W'
let substring = str.substring(0, 5); // 'Hello'
```
2. **查找/替换:**
```javascript
let str = "JavaScript is awesome!";
let index = str.indexOf("is"); // 11
let replaced = str.replace("awesome", "powerful"); // 'JavaScript is powerful!'
```
3. **大小写转换:**
```javascript
let str = "Hello, World!";
let upperCase = str.toUpperCase(); // 'HELLO, WORLD!'
let lowerCase = str.toLowerCase(); // 'hello, world!'
```
4. **拼接/分割:**
```javascript
let str1 = "Hello";
let str2 = "World";
let result = str1.concat(", ", str2); // 'Hello, World'
let splitted = result.split(", "); // ['Hello', 'World']
```
5. **去除空格:**
```javascript
let str = " Trim me! ";
let trimmed = str.trim(); // 'Trim me!'
```