分数运算

计算机表示分数的三个规定：

1. 0的形式为0/1
2. 分母必须为正，符号放在分子上
3. 分子分母绝对值的最大公约数为1

struct fraction{
    int up, down;
    int gcd(int x, int y){
        return !y ? x : gcd(y, x%y);
    }
    void simplify(){
        if(up == 0){ /// 规定0为0/1
            down = 1;
        }else{
            if(down < 0){ /// 规定分母必须为正
                up = -up;
                down = -down;
            }
            int res = gcd(abs(up), down); /// 规定分子分母最大公约数为1
            up /= res;
            down /= res;
        }
    }
    fraction(int up, int down=1): up(up), down(down){
        simplify();
    }
    void operator+=(const fraction &another){
        up = up*another.up + another.up*down;
        down = down*another.down;
        simplify();
    }
};