Linux安装Mysql

参考链接:

1. https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40861707/article/details/105554017?ops_request_misc=&request_id=&biz_id=102&utm_term=linux%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85mysql5.7&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2_allsobaiduweb~default-7-105554017.pc_search_insert_js_new
2. https://www.cnblogs.com/testlearn/p/12438873.html

具体步骤:

1)检查是否安装过mysql 有的话先卸载

rpm -qa | grep mysql

2)查询并删除所有mysql文件
查询 whereis mysql 和 find / -name mysql
删除 rm -rf

rm -rf /etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql

3)确认下mysql相关目录是否清除干净:
whereis mysql 和 find / -name mysql

4)检查mysql用户组和用户是否存在,没有要创建

cat /etc/group | grep mysql 
cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql 
groupadd mysql 
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5)下载mysql https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

6)/usr/local/路径下新建文件夹mysql,上传压缩包，解压，重命名

7)创建数据目录并赋予权限

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql 
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

8)编译安装mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

务必记住初始化输出日志末尾的内容(数据库管理员临时密码)!!!

9)编辑配置文件my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf

修改后配置如下:

[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#socket=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
max_connections=400
innodb_file_per_table=64
lower_case_table_names=1
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
[client]
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

10. 创建log-error,pid-file,socket对应目录并赋予权限

mkdir -vp /usr/local/mysql/log/mariadb #递归创建目录
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/log 
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/log/mariadb 
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/log/mariadb
touch /usr/local/mysql/log/mariadb/mariadb.log

mkdir -vp /usr/local/mysql/run/mariadb #递归创建目录
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/run
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/run/mariadb
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/run

mkdir -vp /var/lib/mysql 
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

11)启动mysql服务器:

/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

12)添加软连接,并重启mysql服务:

 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
 ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
 service mysql restart

13)登录mysql，修改密码(密码为步骤8生成的临时密码)

mysql -u root -p
set password for root@localhost = password('密码');

14)开放远程连接

mysql> use mysql; 
mysql> update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root'; 
mysql> flush privileges;

15)设置开机自动启动
#将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysqld

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld #赋予可执行权限
chkconfig --add mysqld #添加服务
chkconfig --list # 显示服务器列表

16)mysql彻底安装成功!!!

Navicat连接MySQL出现的问题
1)如果未开放端口会报错 10060 “Unknown error”,需要在linux防火墙开放3306端口

# firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload

2)如果不开放root用户访问权限会报错 not allowed to connect,需对外开放
在linux中登录mysql，进入mysql库

mysql -u root -p
use mysql;

查看user表中数据，修改root用户host字段值为“%”

MySQL [mysql]> select host,user from user;
MySQL [mysql]> update user set host="%" where user="root";
MySQL [mysql]> flush privileges;