1、最大文件描述符数
1)查看用户级文件描述符数的限制的方法:
$ ulimit -n
2)将用户级文件描述符限制设定为max-file-number:
$ ulimit -SHn max-file-number
2、gdb调试
1. 默认设置下,在调试多进程程序时GDB只会调试主进程。但是GDB(>V7.0)支持多进程的分别以及同时调试,换句话说,GDB可以同时调试多个程序。只需要设置follow-fork-mode(默认值:parent)和detach-on-fork(默认值:on)即可。
parent on 只调试主进程(GDB默认)
child on 只调试子进程
parent off 同时调试两个进程,gdb跟主进程,子进程block在fork位置
child off 同时调试两个进程,gdb跟子进程,主进程block在fork位置
设置方法:set follow-fork-mode [parent|child] set detach-on-fork [on|off]
2. GDB默认支持调试多线程,跟主线程,子线程block在create thread。
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h> void processA(); void processB(); void *processAworker( void *arg); int main( int argc, const char *argv[]) { int pid; pid = fork(); if(pid != 0) processA(); else processB(); return 0; } void processA() { pid_t pid = getpid(); char prefix[] = "ProcessA: "; char tprefix[] = "thread "; int tstatus; pthread_t pt; printf( "%s%lu %s\n", prefix, pid, "step1"); tstatus = pthread_create(&pt, NULL, processAworker, NULL); if( tstatus != 0 ) { printf( "ProcessA: Can not create new thread."); } processAworker( NULL); sleep( 1); } void *processAworker( void *arg) { pid_t pid = getpid(); pthread_t tid = pthread_self(); char prefix[] = "ProcessA: "; char tprefix[] = "thread "; printf( "%s%lu %s%lu %s\n", prefix, pid, tprefix, tid, "step2"); printf( "%s%lu %s%lu %s\n", prefix, pid, tprefix, tid, "step3"); return NULL; } void processB() { pid_t pid = getpid(); char prefix[] = "ProcessB: "; printf( "%s%lu %s\n", prefix, pid, "step1"); printf( "%s%lu %s\n", prefix, pid, "step2"); printf( "%s%lu %s\n", prefix, pid, "step3"); } |
输出:
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[cnwuwil@centos c-lab]$ ./test
ProcessA: 802 step1 ProcessB: 803 step1 ProcessB: 803 step2 ProcessB: 803 step3 ProcessA: 802 thread 3077555904 step2 ProcessA: 802 thread 3077555904 step3 ProcessA: 802 thread 3077553008 step2 ProcessA: 802 thread 3077553008 step3 |
1. 调试主进程,block子进程。
gdb ./test
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(gdb) set detach-on-fork off
(gdb) show detach-on-fork Whether gdb will detach the child of a fork is off. (gdb) catch fork Catchpoint 1 (fork) (gdb) r [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Catchpoint 1 (forked process 3475), 0x00110424 in __kernel_vsyscall () Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install glibc- 2. 12- 1. 47.el6.i686 (gdb) break test.c:14 Breakpoint 2 at 0x8048546: file test.c, line 14. (gdb) cont [New process 3475] [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Breakpoint 2, main (argc= 1, argv=0xbffff364) at test.c: 14 Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install glibc- 2. 12- 1. 47.el6.i686 (gdb) info inferiors Num Description Executable 2 process 3475 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test * 1 process 3472 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test |
2. 切换到子进程:
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(gdb) inferior 2
[Switching to inferior 2 [process 3475] (/home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test)] [Switching to thread 2 (Thread 0xb7fe86c0 (LWP 3475))] #0 0x00110424 in ?? () (gdb) info inferiors Num Description Executable * 2 process 3475 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test 1 process 3472 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test (gdb) inferior 1 [Switching to inferior 1 [process 3472] (/home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test)] [Switching to thread 1 (Thread 0xb7fe86c0 (LWP 3472))] #0 main (argc= 1, argv=0xbffff364) at test.c: 14 (gdb) info inferiors Num Description Executable 2 process 3475 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test * 1 process 3472 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test |
3. 设断点继续调试主进程,主进程产生两个子线程:
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(gdb) break test.c:50
Breakpoint 3 at 0x804867d: file test.c, line 50. ( 2 locations) (gdb) cont ProcessA: 3472 step1 [New Thread 0xb7fe7b70 (LWP 3562)] ProcessA: 3472 thread 3086911168 step2 Breakpoint 3, processAworker (arg=0x0) at test.c: 50 (gdb) info inferiors Num Description Executable 2 process 3475 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test * 1 process 3472 /home/cnwuwil/labs/c-lab/test (gdb) info threads 3 Thread 0xb7fe7b70 (LWP 3562) 0x00110424 in __kernel_vsyscall () 2 Thread 0xb7fe86c0 (LWP 3475) 0x00110424 in ?? () * 1 Thread 0xb7fe86c0 (LWP 3472) processAworker (arg=0x0) at test.c: 50 |
4. 切换到主进程中的子线程,注意:线程2为前面产生的子进程
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(gdb) thread 3 [Switching to thread 3 (Thread 0xb7fe7b70 (LWP 3562))]#0 0x00110424 in __kernel_vsyscall () (gdb) cont ProcessA: 3472 thread 3086911168 step3 ProcessA: 3472 thread 3086908272 step2 [Switching to Thread 0xb7fe7b70 (LWP 3562)] Breakpoint 3, processAworker (arg=0x0) at test.c: 50 (gdb) info threads * 3 Thread 0xb7fe7b70 (LWP 3562) processAworker (arg=0x0) at test.c: 50 2 Thread 0xb7fe86c0 (LWP 3475) 0x00110424 in ?? () 1 Thread 0xb7fe86c0 (LWP 3472) 0x00110424 in __kernel_vsyscall () (gdb) thread 1 |