RocketMQ的一些相关认识

一、应用的场景

需要进行异步通信、解除两应用的耦合、冗余存储（生产者流入量大于消费者消耗量）、削封流量（用于解决短时间流量的激增，例如电商平台的“秒杀”活动）

二、概念模型

 生产者和消费者均通过NameServer获取到broker的地址，分别向MQ进行消息存储和向指定Topic获取消息

三、安装、使用

官网：Quick Start - Apache RocketMQ

文档：rocketmq/docs/cn at master · apache/rocketmq · GitHub

下载地址:Apache Downloads

配置环境变量、用CMD分别启动bin目录下的

nameserver（mqnamesrv）

broker（mqbroker  -n localhost:9876 autoCreateTopicEnable=true）

四、简单收发

4.1同步发送消息

public class SyncProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //Instantiate with a producer group name.
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new
            DefaultMQProducer("please_rename_unique_group_name");
        // Specify name server addresses.
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("localhost:9876");
        //Launch the instance.
        producer.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            //Create a message instance, specifying topic, tag and message body.
            Message msg = new Message("TopicTest" /* Topic */,
                "TagA" /* Tag */,
                ("Hello RocketMQ " +
                    i).getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET) /* Message body */
            );
            //Call send message to deliver message to one of brokers.
            SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
            System.out.printf("%s%n", sendResult);
        }
        //Shut down once the producer instance is not longer in use.
        producer.shutdown();
    }
}

4.2异步传输一般用于响应时间敏感的业务场景

public class AsyncProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //Instantiate with a producer group name.
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("please_rename_unique_group_name");
        // Specify name server addresses.
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("localhost:9876");
        //Launch the instance.
        producer.start();
        producer.setRetryTimesWhenSendAsyncFailed(0);
        
        int messageCount = 100;
        final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(messageCount);
        for (int i = 0; i < messageCount; i++) {
            try {
                final int index = i;
                Message msg = new Message("Jodie_topic_1023",
                    "TagA",
                    "OrderID188",
                    "Hello world".getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET));
                producer.send(msg, new SendCallback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(SendResult sendResult) {
                        countDownLatch.countDown();
                        System.out.printf("%-10d OK %s %n", index, sendResult.getMsgId());
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onException(Throwable e) {
                        countDownLatch.countDown();
                        System.out.printf("%-10d Exception %s %n", index, e);
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                });
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        countDownLatch.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        producer.shutdown();
    }
}

4.3单向传输用于需要中等可靠性的情况，例如日志收集。

public class OnewayProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //Instantiate with a producer group name.
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("please_rename_unique_group_name");
        // Specify name server addresses.
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("localhost:9876");
        //Launch the instance.
        producer.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            //Create a message instance, specifying topic, tag and message body.
            Message msg = new Message("TopicTest" /* Topic */,
                "TagA" /* Tag */,
                ("Hello RocketMQ " +
                    i).getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET) /* Message body */
            );
            //Call send message to deliver message to one of brokers.
            producer.sendOneway(msg);
        }
        //Wait for sending to complete
        Thread.sleep(5000);        
        producer.shutdown();
    }
}

4.4消费消息

public class Consumer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, MQClientException {

        // Instantiate with specified consumer group name.
        DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("please_rename_unique_group_name");
         
        // Specify name server addresses.
        consumer.setNamesrvAddr("localhost:9876");
        
        // Subscribe one more more topics to consume.
        consumer.subscribe("TopicTest", "*");
        // Register callback to execute on arrival of messages fetched from brokers.
        consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {

            @Override
            public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List<MessageExt> msgs,
                ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
                System.out.printf("%s Receive New Messages: %s %n", Thread.currentThread().getName(), msgs);
                return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
            }
        });

        //Launch the consumer instance.
        consumer.start();

        System.out.printf("Consumer Started.%n");
    }
}

 五、发送的三种模式

同步确认发送结果、异步确认发送结果、以及只负责发送消息，不等待服务端返回响应且没有回调函数触发的方式