JVM调优（9）jstack定位死循环、线程阻塞、死锁等问题

当我们运行java程序时，可能会出现死循环，IO阻塞，线程死锁等问题，导致程序无法进行下去，但从代码上有无法确定问题出现的具体原因或者地方。可以使用JDK自带的jstack工具去简单定位；

死循环

程序如下：

/**
 * @Author Ralph
 * 死循环定位
 */
public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        while(true){

        }
    }
}

等程序出现死循环时，可以使用jstack命令打印出日志分析出具体原因地方，命令如下：

Ralph:~ allenlee$ jps
1144 Launcher
1145 Test01
284 
1166 Jps
Ralph:~ allenlee$ jstack 1145

打印日志如下：

2019-01-02 18:19:49
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.171-b11 mixed mode):
"Attach Listener" #10 daemon prio=9 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fddde99a000 nid=0xa07 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"Service Thread" #9 daemon prio=9 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd16e800 nid=0x3803 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"C1 CompilerThread2" #8 daemon prio=9 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fddde112000 nid=0x4403 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"C2 CompilerThread1" #7 daemon prio=9 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd926800 nid=0x3703 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"C2 CompilerThread0" #6 daemon prio=9 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fddde9a3000 nid=0x3503 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"Monitor Ctrl-Break" #5 daemon prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fddde10f000 nid=0x4703 runnable [0x000070000d33b000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:171)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:141)
	at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.readBytes(StreamDecoder.java:284)
	at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.implRead(StreamDecoder.java:326)
	at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.read(StreamDecoder.java:178)
	- locked <0x0000000795902cd8> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
	at java.io.InputStreamReader.read(InputStreamReader.java:184)
	at java.io.BufferedReader.fill(BufferedReader.java:161)
	at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:324)
	- locked <0x0000000795902cd8> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
	at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:389)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1.run(AppMainV2.java:64)

"Signal Dispatcher" #4 daemon prio=9 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd03c800 nid=0x3407 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Finalizer" #3 daemon prio=8 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fddde02c800 nid=0x2d03 in Object.wait() [0x000070000d0b2000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
	at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
	- waiting on <0x0000000795588ed0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
	at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:143)
	- locked <0x0000000795588ed0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
	at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:164)
	at java.lang.ref.Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run(Finalizer.java:212)

"Reference Handler" #2 daemon prio=10 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fddde000000 nid=0x5003 in Object.wait() [0x000070000cfaf000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
	at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
	- waiting on <0x0000000795586bf8> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
	at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:502)
	at java.lang.ref.Reference.tryHandlePending(Reference.java:191)
	- locked <0x0000000795586bf8> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
	at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(Reference.java:153)

"main" #1 prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fddde001800 nid=0x2903 runnable [0x000070000c99d000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
	at com.lyh.seckill.test.Test01.main(Test01.java:10)
"VM Thread" os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd81c000 nid=0x5103 runnable 
"GC task thread#0 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd013800 nid=0x1f07 runnable 
"GC task thread#1 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd014800 nid=0x2203 runnable 
"GC task thread#2 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd015000 nid=0x2a03 runnable 
"GC task thread#3 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd015800 nid=0x5303 runnable 
"VM Periodic Task Thread" os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fdddd16f000 nid=0x3903 waiting on condition 
JNI global references: 15

从输出的日志中可以看到com.lyh.seckill.test.Test01.main(Test01.java:10)，main线程，处于runnable状态，在main方法的第10行，也就是我们死循环的位置。

死锁

例子代码如下：

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

/**
 * @Author Ralph
 * 死锁
 */
public class Test01 implements Runnable {
    private Object obj1;
    private Object obj2;
    private int order;

    public Test01(int order, Object obj1, Object obj2) {
        this.order = order;
        this.obj1 = obj1;
        this.obj2 = obj2;
    }

    public void test1() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (obj1) {
            Thread.yield();
            synchronized (obj2) {
                System.out.println("test。。。");
            }
        }
    }

    public void test2() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (obj2) {
            Thread.yield();
            synchronized (obj1) {
                System.out.println("test。。。");
            }

        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            try {
                if (this.order == 1) {
                    this.test1();
                } else {
                    this.test2();
                }

            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Object obj1 = new Object();
        Object obj2 = new Object();
        ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
        // 起10个线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            int order = i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 0;
            ex.execute(new Test01(order, obj1, obj2));
        }

    }
}

先用jps找到PID，然后jstack命令查看信息