日期类 class_Date

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1


#include<iostream>
using namespace std;


class Date
{


friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Date& d);
friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d);


public:


	//构造
	Date (int year = 1900, int month = 1, int day = 1)
		:_year(year)
		,_month(month)
		,_day(day)
	{
		;
	}


	//拷贝构造
	Date (const Date& d)
		:_year(d._year)
		,_month(d._month)
		,_day(d._day)
	{
		;
	}


	void Display()
	{
		cout<<_year<<"-"<<_month<<"-"<<_day<<endl;
	}
	
	//判断该月天数
	//静态成员函数只能调静态函数，不能访问私有成员，因为没this
	static int GetMonthDays(int year, int month)
	{
		//年月不合法返回-1，注：不能用IsInvalid判断，否则就会递归GetMonthDays
		if (year <1900 || month < 1 || month > 12)
		{
			return -1;
		}
		static int arr[] = {0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
		int days = arr[month];
		if (month == 2 && IsLeapYear(year)) //月份判断开销小，放前面
		{
			days++;
		}
		return days;
	}


	//判断闰年
	static bool IsLeapYear(int year)
	{
		return ((year%4 == 0)&&(year%100 != 0)) || (year%400 == 0);
	}


	//判断日期是否合法
	bool IsInvalid()
	{
		return (_year >= 1900 
			&& _month > 0 && _month < 13 
			&& _day > 0 && _day <= GetMonthDays(_year, _month));
	}


	bool operator>(const Date& d) const 
	{
		if (_year > d._year)
		{
			return true;
		}
		else if(_year == d._year)
		{
			if (_month > d._month)
			{
				return true;
			}
			else if (_month == d._month)
			{
				if (_day > d._day)
				{
					return true;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}
	
	bool operator==(const Date& d) const 
	{
		return (_year == d._year)
			&& (_month == d._month)
			&& (_day == d._day);
	}


	Date operator+(int day) const
	{
		if (day < 0)
		{
			return *this - (-day);
		}
		Date tmp(*this);
		tmp._day += day;
		while(!tmp.IsInvalid())
		{	
			tmp._day -= GetMonthDays(tmp._year, tmp._month);
			tmp._month++;
			if (tmp._month == 13)
			{
				tmp._year++;
				tmp._month = 1;
			}
		}
		return tmp;
	}


	Date operator-(int day) const
	{
		if (day < 0)
		{
			return *this + (-day);
		}
		Date tmp(*this);
		tmp._day -= day;
		while(!tmp.IsInvalid())
		{
			tmp._month--;
			if (tmp._month == 0)
			{
				tmp._year--;
				tmp._month = 12;
			}
			tmp._day += GetMonthDays(tmp._year, tmp._month);
		}
		return tmp;
	}
	
	bool operator!=(const Date& d) const
	{
		return !(*this == d);
	}


	Date& operator=(const Date& d)
	{
		_year = d._year;
		_month = d._month;
		_day = d._day;
		return *this;
	}


	bool operator<(const Date& d) const
	{
		return !(*this > d || *this == d);
	}


	Date& operator+=(int day)
	{
		*this = *this + day;
		return *this;
	}
	
	Date& operator++()	//前置++，后返回
	{
		*this += 1;
		return *this;
	}


	Date operator++(int) //后置++，先返回
	{
		Date tmp(*this);
		tmp += 1;
		return tmp;
	}


	//日期-日期
	int operator-(const Date& d) const
	{
		Date min(*this);
		Date max(d);
		int tag = -1;
		int count = 0;
		if (d < *this)
		{
			min = d;
			max = *this;
			tag = 1;
		}
		while(min != max)
		{
			//后置++调了4次构造
			//前置++调了2次构造，高效
			++min;
			count++;
		}
		return count*tag;
	}


private:
	int _year;
	int _month;
	int _day;
};


ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Date& d)
{
	out<<d._year<<"-"<<d._month<<"-"<<d._day<<endl;
	return out;
}


istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d)
{
	cout<<"输入年月日"<<endl;
	in>>d._year;
	in>>d._month;
	in>>d._day;
	return in;
}


int main()
{
	Date a;
	cin>>a;
	cout<<a<<endl;


	return 0;
}